Transcript Tsunami! - HRSBSTAFF Home Page

• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
Tsunami!
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
What happened & why
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Tsunami: causes
•Undersea
• Click to edit Master
text styles
•
earthquake
(most
Third level
often) must be above
– Fourth level
6.75 on richter scale
» Fifth level
– Second level
•Volcanic eruption
•Undersea rockslide
NOAA
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Tsunamis are
created when:
• Click to edit Master text•Seafloor
styles
quickly
– Second level
changes shape
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Anthony Liekens 15:30, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)
•Water is
displaced (pushed
up)
•Waves are
formed as gravity
tries to move the
water back into
place
Earthquakes and
tsunamis
Crust is stuck 
• Pressure from moving
• Click to edit Master text styles
plates builds
– Second level
• When crust slips
energy
• Third
level is
Crust slips
released (elastic– rebound
Fourth level
» Fifth level releasing 
theory)
energy
• This energy is transferred to
the water as it gets pushed
up
Energy
• Gravity pushes it back down transferred
starting the tsunami
to water
Subduction and Tsunamis
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Anthony Liekens 15:30, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)
Landslides and
tsunamis
• Clickcan
tooccur
edit Master text styles
• Landslides
– Second
on their own
or be level
triggered by• an
Third level
earthquake
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
• Energy released by
shifting land displaces
surrounding water
creating a ripple effect
• Like dropping a rock
into a pond
Volanoes and tsunamis
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
• The explosive eruption of Krakatau in August
1883 created a tsunami that claimed more than
36,000 lives
Wave Characteristics
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
•
•
•
•
•
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Crest: top of wave
Trough: bottom of wave
Wavelength: Length of one complete cycle
Wave Height: measured from trough to crest
Amplitude: ½ height of wave
Tsunami Wave Characteristics
• Speed:
Click up
to edit
text styles
– can•move
overMaster
970 km/h
(faster than a
jet) – Second level
• Third level
– Regular wave
generated
by wind 90km/h
– Fourth
level
• Distance:
» Fifth level
– Can travel across entire oceans with little
energy loss
• Size:
– Long, shallow waves in open ocean, decrease
in length and increase in height as you
approach the shore
Wave Characteristics
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Wave Characteristics
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
• When the trough of the wave hits the
ocean floor the speed decreases and wave
height increases
• Runup is a temporary increase in sea level;
can occur without the ‘huge’ tsunami waves
Wave Characteristics
Wave height increases as it reaches land
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Wave Characteristics
Wave speed decreases as it approaches the
• Click to edit Master text styles
shore
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
Warning Systems
Many countries
around the Pacific
• Click to edit Master text styles
have warning
Second level
systems –and
• Third level
evacuation
– Fourth level
procedures in the
» Fifth level
event of a serious
tsunami.
Tsunamis travel fast, but there is enough
time to evacuate all areas except those
that are nearest the epicenter
•Monitor seismic
activity
(seismograph)
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
•Monitor changes
in
• Third level
sea level off– the
Fourth level
» Fifth level
coast using a series
of buoys
•Difficult because
tsunamis have such
small height in open
ocean
Effects of Tsunamis
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level of human life
• Destruction
• Third level
(100,000+)
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
• Destruction of property and
infrastructure
• Increase spread of disease
• Destruction of ecosystems
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
http://msnbc.msn.com/id/6770108/
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
http://msnbc.msn.com/id/6770108/
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level
» Fifth level
http://home.cfl.rr.com/battleshipron/before_after.gif