Transcript A Listening Course 2

A Listening Course 2
Unit 1
Section One Tactics for Listening
• Part 1 Phonetics – stress, Intonation and Accent
script:
1. We haven’t got any in dark blue.
2. We can’t make it at nine tomorrow.
3. My telephone number is not 65031609.
4. I don’t like the black jumper.
5. He won’t come by the 7:30 train.
key:
a, b, a, b, b
Part 2 Listening and Note-taking
• Script and key (1)
Drive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about, particularly
in crowded shopping streets, when you see a bus stopped, or near a
parked mobile shop. Watch out for pedestrians coming from behind
parked or stopped vehicles, or from other places where you might
not be able to see them.
pedestrian: n. a person who travels on foot 行人、步行者
Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either
under fifteen or over sixty. The young and the elderly may not judge
speeds very well, and may step into the road when you do not
expect them. Give them, and the infirm, or blind or disabled people,
plenty of time to cross the road.
infirm: adj. lacking physical strength or vitality （虚）弱的
the infirm 身体虚弱者；体弱者
Part 2 Listening and Note-taking
• Script and key (2)
Drive slowly near schools, and look out for children getting on or off
school buses. Stop when signalled to do so by a school crossing
patrol showing a Stop-Children sign. Be Careful near a parked icecream van – children are more interested in ice-cream than in traffic.
school crossing patrol: (护送学生过马路的)学校交通安全员
crossing 十字路口； patrol巡逻；van厢式货车
When coming to a zebra crossing, be ready to slow down or stop to
let people cross. You must give way once they have stepped onto a
crossing. Signal to other drivers that you mean to slow down or stop.
Give yourself more time to slow down or stop on wet or icy roads,
never overtake just before a zebra crossing.
zebra crossing：斑马线、人行道；overtake: 超车
Section Two Listening Comprehension
• Part 1: Dialogue 2 Fast Food Survey
• Vocabulary
1. kebab:烧烤
2. litter: rubbish carelessly dropped or left about
(especially
in public places) 垃圾
litter bin 垃圾箱、废物箱 dustbin
3. packaging: material used to make packages 包装
• Discussion:
What do you know about fast food? And what do you
think of it?
Part 2 Passage Snack
• Language focus
Here are four tips to keep your snacking on the right
track.
1. Know why you’re eating. Using food to change your
feelings can be a dangerous habit. An order of French
fries might distract you from feeling sad for a while, but
it’s only a temporary cure. Once the fries are gone, the
problem is still there. If you’re feeling lonely, don’t reach
into the refrigerator. Call a friend. If you’re feeling
stressed, take a 10-minute walk.
Part 2 Passage Snack (2)
• 2. Find a healthy pick-me-up. If you’re truly hungry, a
healthy snack can give you the boost of energy you need.
If you like fresh foods, bring a small bag of tomatoes or
apple slices to work with you. To tame your sweet tooth,
try a handful of dried fruit. A serving of nuts can be a
perfect pick-me-up. They have the right combination of
nutrients to give you the energy you need. But wait until
you’re hungry to find something to eat. Plan ahead and
bring something healthy with you.
Part 2 Passage Snack (3)
• 3. Eat just one serving. Don’t open up a whole box of
crackers and start munching away. Instead, pull out just
one serving and put away the box.
• 4. Think of snacks as mini-meals. Eating small, healthy
snacks can keep you from stuffing yourself at the next
meal. Instead of eating three big meals each day, split
them into four or five mini-meals. You may actually eat
less food overall.
Part 3 News
News Item 1
The Japanese electronic giant Sony has slashed its annual
earnings （年收益）forecast again. It’s expected to report an annual
operating loss （营业损失）of almost three billion dollars. The
company had previously forecast a profit of two billion dollars.
If confirmed, this would be Sony’s first loss in 14 years, the second
only since the company was listed on （上市）the Tokyo stock
exchange （东京证券交易所）in 1958.
Like other Japanese exporters（出口商）, Sony is taking a
beating （遭重创、蒙受损失）from the global slump. The yen’s （日
元）appreciation （an increase in price or value 增值 ）also means
less profit – as the company gets 80 percent of its sales from
overseas.
Part 3 News
• News Item 2
World Trade Organization ministers are meeting in Montreal,
Canada. The trade ministers have been debating （debate）the
issue of reducing import taxes （进口关税）and government aid
（国家援助） for certain services, especially farming. Major
agricultural exporters like the United States, Australia and Brazil
want all import duties （进口税）cut to an average of 25%.
Importers such as the European Union, Japan and some developing
countries say import taxes should be cut by some reasonable
percentage based on the country. The United States and the
European Union are under pressure to reach a farming agreement
(reach an agreement 达成共识）that other WTO members can
support. The WTO is also divided on the issue of providing
necessary drugs （药品）to poor countries.
Section Four Supplementary Exercises
• Passage 1 World Sight Day （1）
•
An estimated 135 million people have low vision.40 to 50 million others
cannot see at all. Healthy experts warn that the number of blind people will
increase sharply as the world population grows, and grows older. They say
the number of blind people could almost double by 2020.
Yet the World Healthy Organization says that in eight out of ten cases,
blindness can be cured or avoided. October the ninth was World Sight Day.
A campaign called vision 2020 released* materials to help government and
health workers develop national plans to prevent blindness.
Vision 2020 is a joint effort of the WHO and International Agency for the
Prevention of Blindness. The goal is to end prevention blindness by 2020.
The campaign targets four main causes.
Cataracts cause the lens （晶状体）of the eye to become cloudy. In most
of Africa and Asia, cataracts cause at least half the cases of blindness that
can be cured. A simple operation can remove cataracts*.
Trachoma* is an infectious disease spread person-to-person and by
insects. Trachoma causes about 15 percent of all cases of blindness. Most
of the cases are in Africa. The disease can be treated with antibiotic
medicines and an operation to correct the damage.
Section Four Supplementary Exercises
• Passage 1 World Sight Day （2）
The disease known as river blindness is also found mostly in
Africa. Flies spread the infection. A yearly treatment of the drug
Mectizan can control the disease.
Finally, a lack of vitamin A as a result of poor nutrition is the
leading cause of preventable blindness in children.
Vision 2020 says that every five seconds another person in the
world goes blind. Most blind people live in developing nations. India
has at least nine million. About six million are in China, and seven
million in Africa. Officials estimate that the world economy loses
about 28,000 million dollars each year from curable blindness.
A resolution passed by the World Health Assembly in May urges
all governments to develop national plans to prevent blindness.
• Passage 2 Tips to Healthy Eating and Physical Activity（1）
•
•
•
•
•
Breakfast fills your “empty tank” to get you going after a long night without
food. And it can help you do better in school. Easy-to-prepare breakfasts
include cold cereal with fruit and low-fat milk, whole-wheat toast with peanut
butter, yogurt *with fruit, whole-grain waffles or even last night’s pizza!
It’s easy to fit physical activities into your daily routine. Walk, bike or jog to
see friends. Take a 10-minute activity break every hour while you read, do
homework or watch TV. Climb stairs instead of taking an escalator or
elevator. Try to do these things for a total of 30 minutes every day.
Snacks are a great way to refuel. Choose snacks from different food
groups—a glass of low-fat milk and a few graham* crackers, an apple or
celery sticks with peanut butter and raisins*, or some dry cereal. If you eat
smart at other meals, cookies, chips and candy are OK for occasional
snacking.
Vigorous work-outs*—when you’re breathing hard and sweating—help
your heart pump better, give you more energy and help you look and feel
best. Start with a warm-up that stretches your muscles. Include 20 minutes
of aerobic activity（有氧运动）, such as running, jogging, or dancing.
Follow up with activities that help make you stronger such as push-ups or
lifting weights. Then cool down with more stretching and deep breathing.
Being active is much more fun with friends or family. Encourage others to
join you and plan one special physical activity event, like a bike ride or
hiking, with a group each week.
• Passage 2 Tips to Healthy Eating and Physical Activity（2）
• You don’t have to give up foods like hamburgers, French fries and
ice cream to eat healthy. You just have to be smart about how often
and how much of them you eat. Your body needs nutrients like
protein*, carbohydrates*, fat and many different vitamins and
minerals such as vitamins C and A, iron and calcium* from a variety
of foods. Balancing food choices from the Food Guide Pyramid and
checking out the Nutrition Facts panel on food labels will help you
get all these nutrients.
•
Eat more grains, fruits and vegetables. These foods give you
carbohydrates for energy, plus vitamins, minerals and fiber. Besides,
they taste good! Try breads such as whole-wheat, bagels* and pita*.
Spaghetti and oatmeal are also in the grain group.
•
Bananas, strawberries and melons are some great tasting fruits.
Try vegetables raw, on a sandwich or salad.
•
A healthy eating style is like a puzzle with many parts. Each part—
or food—is different. Some foods may have more fat, sugar or salt
while others may have more vitamins or fiber. There is a place for all
these foods. What makes a diet good or bad is how foods fit
together. Balancing your choices is important. Fit in a higher-fat food,
like pepperoni* pizza, at dinner by choosing lower-fat foods at other
meals. And don’t forget about moderation. If two pieces of pizza fill
you up, you don’t need a third.