Transcript Review Unit 1 - Effingham County Schools

Review Unit 1A
Our Solar System
#1 Galileo was the first scientist to
successfully use a telescope to observe
the night sky.
#2 Isaac Newton explained why the moon
orbits Earth.
#4 Ptolemy was the scientist that came up
with the Geocentric Theory.
#3 The Geocentric Theory stated that every
thing in the universe revolved around the
Earth.
#6 Copernicus was the scientist that came
up with the Heliocentric Theory.
#5 The Heliocentric Theory stated that
every thing in the universe revolved
around the Sun.
#7 Geocentric and Heliocentric Theories
were both proved to be false. What is one
reason why? Scientists observed the
stars and eventually realized they did not
revolve around the sun or the Earth.
#8 If you were to
watch the stars
all night, they
would seem to
move across the
sky at night, in
the opposite
direction that the
Sun moves
during the day.
#9 During winter months observed from
Northern latitudes, the constellation Orion
will rise in the East, travel across the night
sky, and set in the West. Which BEST
explains this observation?
The constellation Orion appears to move
across the sky as a result of the Earth's
rotation.
#10 If we recorded the Sun's location in the
sky every day at noon from September
through February, the position of the Sun
in the sky will change.
#11
#11 Put the planets in order from smallest to
largest.
Mercury
Mars
Venus
Earth
Neptune
Uranus
Saturn
Jupiter
#12 Put the planets in order from the sun.
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
• Main Features of inner planets – terrestrial
planets
#13 Mercury terrestrial planet, smallest planet,
closest to sun
# 14 Venus terrestrial planet, closest to earth in
size and mass, hottest atmosphere due to
greenhouse effect, completely enveloped in
clouds that produce sulfuric acid rain
#15 Earth terrestrial planet, only breathable
atmosphere and water
#16 Mars terrestrial planet, had surface water
and flowing river, red in color due to oxidation
(rust)
Main Features of outer planets – gas planets
#17 Jupiter largest planet, giant storm that
is a red spot, gas planet, has rings
#18 Saturn gas planet, has rings
#19 Uranus gas planet, has rings
#20 Neptune gas planet, has rings, farthest
from the sun
#21 Most asteroids can be found in three
locations in our solar system.
Asteroid Belt (between Mars and Jupiter)
The Kuiper Belt
Oort Cloud.
#22 What items in the solar system orbit the
Sun?
planets
comets
asteroids
Which
position will it
be easier for
people on
Earth to see
Venus?
#23 Venus is visible to the naked eye from
Earth. Why will we be able to see Venus
BETTER at position Q in this picture?
More of the visible side of the planet is
illuminated at point Q than at point R.
#24 The farther away a planet is to the sun,
the longer orbital period will be on that
planet and the less the sun’s gravitation
pull will be on that planet.
#25 The dark, lava-covered lowlands of the
Moon are called the Maria.
#26. Draw a picture of the Sun, Earth, and
Moon that shows the revolution pattern of
the Earth and the Moon.
# 27. Why does the amount of daylight
change during the course of a year?
The North Pole points more toward the Sun
during the summer.
# 28. When will the amount of sunlight and
the amount of darkness in during one day
be exactly the same? Vernal Equinox and
Autumnal Equinox
New Moon
Waxing Crescent
First Quarter
Waxing Gibbous
Full Moon
Waning Gibbous
Third Quarter
Waning Crescent
#30 A Lunar Eclipse is when the Earth
blocks the sun’s light from reaching the
moon. Lunar Eclipse can only happen at
night.
#31 Draw a Lunar Eclipse
#32. A Solar Eclipse is when the Moon
blocks the sun’s light from reaching the
Earth. Solar Eclipse can only happen
during the day.
#33. Draw a Solar Eclipse
#34 Solar eclipses rarely occur because the
moon's orbit is tilted in relation to the
Earth's orbit.
#35. The Earth rotates on its axis at a tilt of
23.5°. This causes our seasons. What
would happen to the summer in the
Northern Hemisphere if the axis tilt was
changed to 30 degrees? The
temperatures would be warmer in the
Northern Hemisphere during the summer.
#36. What would happen to the summer in
the Northern Hemisphere if the axis tilt
was changed to 15 degrees? The
temperatures would be cooler in the
Northern Hemisphere during the summer.
#37. What would happen if the Earth
rotated faster (in fewer days) around the
sun?
One year would be shorter.
#38. What would happen if the Earth took
longer to rotate around the sun?
One year would be longer.
#39. What would happen if the spin of the
Earth’s on its axis was faster?
The days would be shorter.
#40. What would happen if it took the Earth
longer to spin on axis?
The days would be longer.
#41. Which event in the life cycle of a star
causes it to begin to glow?
The temperature of the star mass
increases.
#42. The main component of most stars is
hydrogen.
#43. What is a pulsar?
a supernova that is spinning rapidly