Transcript Do Now: What processes creates the small rocks in soil?

AIM: What is Soil?
Do Now: What processes creates
the small rocks in soil? List what
else you might can find in soil.
I. Parts of Earth’s Crust
most weathered material
rich with minerals, nutrients
and organic matter
Physical and Chemical
weathering break down the
bedrock into pieces.
Solid layer of rock below the
soil. (Parent Material)
II. Soil Composition
•Mineral matter (parent rock)
•Humus: organic material (from living things)
•Water
•Air
III. Soil Formation
Transported Soil brought from
another place by
erosion.
- Long Island is made of
transported soils from Canada
and the New England area.
- It was brought here by glaciers
20,000 and 30,000 years ago.
Residual Soil created by the
weathering of
parent material
(bedrock)
Factors that effect soil formation:
a) Time – Thicker soils indicate
more weathering has occurred.
b) Parent Material – determines the
mineral composition of the soil.
c) Climate – rainfall and
temperature will determine the
amount of weathering, erosion
and organic material.
IV. Soil Texture
• refers to the size of the particles and the amount of moisture.
Determine which soil is drier? More suitable for plants?
Composed of more sand? Chemically Weathered? Physically
weathered?
A
B
C
V. Soil Profile
•Layers of soil are called Horizons.
Horizon’s
A- Mineral matter and organic
matter (topsoil)
B- Mineral matter some
organic (plant roots) (subsoil)
C- Partially weathered parent
material (broken rock)
Closure:
• Obtain a “Soil” worksheet from the back
bottom bin and complete it with your
partner sitting next to you.