Transcript made up of hard metal. it is about 1300 km thick. it is 2% of the

EARTH
LAYERS OF THE EARTH
CRUST (LITHOSPHERE)
• OCEANIC PLATES
• CONTINENTAL PLATES
CRUST(LITHOSPHERE)
• OCEANIC - IS ABOUT 10K THICK
AND MADE UP OF ROCK WITH IRON
AND MAGNESIUM CAUSED BY
VOLCANIC ACTION. IT IS VERY
DENSE
• CONTINENTAL- IS ABOUT 30-50 K
THICK AND MADE OF IGNEOUS,
METAMORPHIC, AND SEDIMENTARY
ROCK. IT IS LESS DENSE.
PLATES TECTONICS
• THERE ARE 12 PLATES.
• CONVECTION CURRENTS IN
THE MANTLE MOVE THE
PLATES.
• THE PLATES MOVE JUST A FEW
INCHES EACH YEAR.
The plates move
because of convection
currents in the
asthenosphere.
http://wc.pima.edu/~bfiero/tucsonecology/setting/images/convce
lls01.gif
ASTHENOSPHERE
•
•
•
•
IT IS JUST BELOW THE CRUST.
IT IS WEAKENED BY HEAT.
IT IS WITHOUT STRENGTH.
CONVECTION CURRENTS
ALLOW THE PLATES ON TOP OF
IT TO MOVE.
3 Types of Plate Boundaries:
http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc
101/boundaries.gif
Great Rift
Valley
Himalayan Mountains
Subduction Zones
•http://www.smarterscience.net/challengerd
eep.html
UPPER MANTLE
• IT IS 400KM THICK
• MADE OF ROCK RICH IN IRON
AND MAGNESIUM.
• IT IS MUCH DENSER THAN THE
CRUST.
LOWER MANTLE
• IT IS ABOUT 1900 KM THICK.
• CONTAINS A GREATER
AMOUNT OF IRON.
• MAKES UP 41% OF THE
EARTH’S MASS
OUTER CORE
• IT IS MADE UP OF LIQUID
METAL.
• IT IS ABOUT 2100 KM THICK.
• IT MAKES UP ABOUT 30% OF
THE EARTH’S MASS.
INNER CORE
MADE UP OF HARD METAL.
IT IS ABOUT 1300 KM THICK.
IT IS 2% OF THE EARTH’S TOTAL
MASS.
EARTH’S INNER
LAYERS
• There are distinct layers to the earth’s
interior.
• Heavier elements tend to sink to the core
• Lighter elements rise toward the surface
• More is known about the crust than the
mantle and core.
• What we believe is true about the mantle
and core comes from studying seismology.
SEISMOGRAPH
• IT IS USED TO MEASURE THE
MOTIONS OF THE GROUND.
Divergent
Convergent
(Subduction
Zone)
Convergent
(Collision)
•Seafloor
Spreading
•Mid-Ocean
Ridge
•Rift Zone
•Red Sea
•New Ocean
floor
•Trenches
•Great Rift
Valley
•Mariana Trench
•Volcanoes
•Mt. St. Helens
•Mountains
•Andes Mountains
Folded
Mountains
•Himalayas
•Appalachian
Mts
•Rocky Mts
Transform
Transform San
Fault
Andreas
Fault
QUESTIONS???