Transcript Unit 2 Review

Unit 2:
Plate Tectonics
Test Review
What is the name of the
SUPERCONTINENT that was once
one land mass?
Pangaea
Wegener’s THEORY that best
explains the movement of
continents over millions of years is
called ___.
Continental
Drift
Untold tragedies of Continental Drift. .
Name the 3 types of heat transfer.
Here are some hints…
Types of Heat Transfer:
What is the boundary called where
2 plates pull away from each other
or divide?
What is this type of stress called?
Divergent Boundary
Stress of Tension
New ocean floor is added at ___
boundaries, where the sea floor
spreads apart.
Divergent
What is the boundary called where
2 plates crash or crunch into each
other?
Convergent Boundary
The stress that presses rock at
convergent boundaries is ____.
A. tension
B. compression
C. shearing
Compression
When 2 continental plates crunch
together very slowly, what may
form?
A mountain range
When 2 plates converge in the
ocean, what can form?
An island arc
The Aleutian Islands
The Caribbean Islands
What are 2 geologic features
that may occur
at divergent boundaries?
Rift Valley on
continents:
Seafloor
Spreading
creates new
ocean floor:
Basalt is the dark, fine
textured igneous rock
making up the oceanic
crust.
True or False?
Shearing is the stress that stretches
rock thin at divergent boundaries.
FALSE!
Tension stretches rock thin at
divergent boundaries.
True or False?
Shearing stresses rock so much
that it breaks at strike slip faults.
TRUE!
What geologic event could occur at
this famous transform boundary?
Famous Fault in
California!
Earthquakes!
Most earthquakes occur at
strike-slip faults, where
rock is pushed in opposite
directions
Geologists learn about the interior
of Earth by studying __, which
move through Earth when
earthquakes occur.
A.Land formations
B. Seismic waves
C. Weather patterns
Seismic Waves
Which area in the picture is labeled
to show where the earthquake is
the strongest & most damaging?
The epicenter
After the rock is under stress it
breaks.
Where does the rock break?
A crack/break in the crust
is called a FAULT 
The FOCUS
What are the 3 types of seismic
waves that move through Earth
when an earthquake occurs?
Surface Waves
What process is shown below?
Remember: Pay attention to the direction of the arrows!
Subduction:
Where a dense plate dives under a less
dense plate is a subduction zone.
Rock can be “recycled” as it melts back
into magma.
Volcanoes may form & erupt here.
What causes the mantle rock to
flow very slowly?
Convection Currents
Cycles of slowly flowing melted rock are
created as heat is transferred in the mantle.
When the earthquake happened
near Japan, it was reported as a
9.0 on the Richter Scale. What
does this number tell us about the
earthquake?
a.
b.
c.
d.
How much the repairs will cost
The time of day the quake occurred
The size/magnitude of the quake
How long the quake lasted
c. The size/magnitude of the quake
The Indian Ocean earthquake off the
coast of Sumatra had damage reports
from people in particular locations.
These reports were given as ROMAN
NUMERALS with descriptions. What
do we call this scale that is used to
report damage?
a. Richter Scale
b. Mercalli Scale
c. Geiger Scale
b. Mercalli Scale
(Remember our ‘Locating the Epicenter’ Radio
Activity…)
True or False?
Volcanoes may form at transform
boundaries.
False
• Volcanoes may form when plates converge or
diverge.
A weak spot in Earth’s crust where
magma comes to the surface is
called a ___.
VOLCANO
Magma forms in the mantle.
Label the pictures below.
(Hint: They are areas of Geothermal Activity
that show past or present volcanic activity)
A.
B.
A. Geyser
B. Hot Spring
When a volcanic mountain
collapses, what do we call the huge
hole left behind?
A caldera
The Hawaiian Islands are forming
over ___.
a. a divergent boundary
b. a hot spot in the Pacific Ocean
c. a convergent boundary
b. A hot spot in the Pacific Ocean
Name the types of volcanic
eruptions described below:
A. Thick & sticky magma, high viscosity
B. Magma gently flows, low viscosity
Types of eruptions
A. Explosive
B. Quiet
Which volcano is described below?
1. A wide gently sloping mountain
2. A tall cone-shaped mountain with
explosive eruptions
3. A cone-shaped mountain that
erupts ash, cinders & bombs
1. Shield
Volcano (Vanilla Wafer)
2. Composite
Volcano (Hershey's Kiss)
3. Cinder Cone
Volcano (Chocolate Chip)
What is this area around the Pacific
Ocean where there is a major belt
of volcanoes?
The Ring of Fire
What do we call huge waves that
are created by an underwater
earthquake?
TSUNAMI
Tsunami in Japan
Can you describe what happens
with convection currents in Earth’s
mantle?
Look at this diagram.
I have some questions for you…
Looking @ the arrows…
•
•
•
•
•
•
Which type of boundary is at letter X?
What is happening at letter X?
What would form at letter X?
Which type of boundary is at letter Z?
What is happening at letter Z?
What could form at letter C?