Transcript PLates and volcano Review Power Point

PLATES AND VOLCANO
REVIEW POWER POINT
WHAT WAS SOME OF ALFRED
WEGENER’S EVIDENCE?
1. Continents fit together
2. Rock layers
3. Coal
4. Glacier evidence
5. Fossils like glossopteris
6. Paleomagnetism
1.Where do most volcanoes occur?
Along plate boundaries
2.Which type of the two types of eruptions make-up 2/3’s of the world’s eruptions?
Divergent
3.What type of eruption is Iceland and example of? Divergent
4.What is a hot spot?
A stationary source of lava that is pushed to the surface as the plate slide over the stationary
plume
5.Where are TWO examples of hot spots? Hawaii and Yellowstone
6.Which island of Hawaii is the youngest? Liohi
7.What do we call the tube-like structure that brings lava to the surface?
Conduit
8.What is the bowl-like depression that is created from collapse of a volcano after an
eruption?
Caldera
9.What are the cracks along the walls of a volcano where gases escape?
Fumaroles
10.When was the massive eruption of Krakatau that caused 1/3 of the island to fall
below sea-level?
1883
1. What famous eruption released 15-30 million tons of sulfur dioxide, dropping the worldwide
temperature 0.5°?
Pinatubo
2. Which volcanic eruption killed over 36,000 people?
Krakatau
3. What is the composition of volcanic ash?
rocks, minerals and volcanic glass
4. Which volcanic eruption created a 100ft tsunami?
Krakatau
5. Describe the last supervolcano eruption on Earth? When was it?
It was 75,000 years ago Toba(Malaysia), caused 100 years of darkness, it was 10,000
more explosive than Mount Saint Helens, killed 2/3 of life on earth and cause global
temperature to drop 21°. It changed the evolution of the human race and put the planet
into an ice age
6. What type of volcano is Olympus Mons?
Shield
7. Which volcanic eruption created a 7.8 earthquake before the eruption?
Pinatubo
DO NOW: VOLCANO REVIEW
What is the name and TYPE of
the volcano above?
Mt. Saint Helens, Composite
What is the name and
TYPE of the volcano
above?
Hawaii. shield
What is the name and TYPE
of the volcano above?
Paricutin, cinder cone
Name AND describe
the parts of the
Lava bombs
volcano:
Pyroclastic Flow
crater
Lava Vent
conduit
Lahar
Magma
chamber
1. What is an example of a volcano formed from oceanic-continental Convergence?
Mount Saint Helens AND Pinatubo
2. Discuss the details of the Pinatubo eruption of 1991.
Released 15-30 million tons of CO2 dropping world temps 2° for years
Earthquakes of 7.8
800 deaths, mostly from collapsed roofs
Eruption cloud that went 22 miles upward
Violent pyroclastic flows
Combined with a typhoon
3. How does the age of rock vary along seafloor spreading centers?
Younger along center, older along subduction zones (trenches)
4. Describe the eruption that can be expected at Kilauea.
Non violent, calming flows that build up the walls of the island
5. Describe the differences between the creation and description of the Atlantic vs.
the Pacific Coast of the US.
Atlantic has a large flat continental shelf due to a divergent boundary
Pacific has many steep sea cliffs and trenches due to subduction zones
1. Subduction of which plate created the Ring of Fire?
Pacific Plate
2. What type of lava can be observed on a non-violent divergent boundary?
Basaltic
3. What are the main elements in the less dense continental crust?
silicon and oxygen
4. What is the most common type of eruption on earth?
divergent
5. Which type of lava has the highest viscosity?
Rhyolitic
6. What is the difference between plate tectonics and continental drift?
Continental drift states that the continents were once joined
Plate tectonics states that the earth is covered in plates that all move (including ocean)
by convection currents
1. When was the last super volcano eruption on Earth?
75,000 years ago, Toba, changed the evolution of humans, caused a mass
extinction and put the planet in an ice age
2. What is the difference between a crater and caldera?
crater is before the eruption and caldera the bowl-shape depression after the eruption
3. Which volcano erupted from the side?
Mount Saint Helens
4. How did the Himalayans mountains in India form?
Continental-continental convergence of the Indian plate into the Eurasian Plate
5. What is a weak spot in the earth’s crust where magma or gases escape?
Volcano
6. What is Gondwanaland?
The southern portion of Pangaea
7. What is the motion at a mid ocean ridge?
The plates are separating, divergence
8. What is difference between the lithosphere and asthenosphere?
Lithosphere is solid upper portion while the asthenosphere is the semi solid portion underneath
DRAW AND DESCRIBE HOW THE FOLLOWING
LANDFORMS ARE CREATED:
1. Hawaii
Hot spot
2. Mountains
Continental –continental convergence
3. Trenches Oceanic-continental convergence with subduction
4. Island Arc
Oceanic-oceanic convergence with subduction
5. Land Volcanoes
Oceanic-continental convergence with subduction
6. Mid ocean ridge Divergent boundary with the plates separating and
magma coming to the surface
Plate
Boundary?
Formed?
Formed?
Plate
Boundary?
Formed?