Transcript Got Milk? - Georgia FFA

Got Milk?
Original Power Point Created by Casey Osksa
Modified by Georgia Agricultural Educational Curriculum Office
June 2002
Milk
• Most wholesome & complete food
• Oldest agricultural industry
– dates back 7,000 years
Care of Milk
• Milk is easily contaminated with bacteria
– udder is close to ground
• Cows can carry Brucellosis
– causes undulant fever in humans
– cows are tested each year
• Pasteurization: heat to 161 degrees F for 15
seconds
– kills bacteria
Dairy Breeds
• Holstein: most popular breed in U.S.
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largest breed
most milk production
lowest butterfat in milk
black & white
• Jersey: smallest breed , light brown color
– least milk
– most butterfat
– fat on meat is yellow (butterfat)
Holstein (Dairy)
Jersey (Dairy)
Dairy Breeds
• Guernsey: milk is yellower due to high
content of carotene
• Ayrshire: newest breed, looks like Holstein
but red & white
– good foragers
• Brown Swiss: oldest breed, dual purpose
breed (meat & milk)
Guernsey (Dairy)
Ayrshire (Dairy)
Brown Swiss (Dairy)
Milking
• Dairy cows require lots of high quality feed,
lots of concentrates & water
• Dairies milk 2-3 times / day
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udder is washed & dried
primed by hand
milking machine pipes milk to a cooling tank
dip teats in iodine to disinfect & close sphincter
muscle
Milking
• Any cows treated with antibiotics, milk is not
suited to humans
– can cause a whole truck of milk to be dumped out
due to contamination
• Lactation period = 10 months, dry = 2 months
• Freshen: cows calve and begin to lactate
• Colostrum: mothers first milk, loaded with
antibiotics etc. for the calf
– first 3 days milk from a cow can’t be fed to humans
(feed to calf)
Milking
• Calves are usually not allowed to nurse
from their mother
– bottle fed colostrum, then milk replacer or cows
milk