Transcript PowerPoint Presentation - Got Milk?

Milk Basics
Objectives
• Learn the Basics of Milk Production
Milk
• Most wholesome &
complete food
• Oldest agricultural
industry
– dates back 7,000 years
Care of Milk
• Milk is easily
contaminated with
bacteria
– udder is close to ground
• Cows can carry
Brucellosis
– causes undulant fever in
humans
– cows are tested each year
• Pasteurization: heat to
161 degrees F for 15
seconds
– kills bacteria
Dairy Breeds
• Holstein: most popular
breed in U.S.
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largest breed
most milk production
lowest butterfat in milk
black & white
• Jersey: smallest breed ,
light brown color
• least milk
• most butterfat
• fat on meat is yellow
(butterfat)
Jersey (Dairy)
Dairy Breeds
• Guernsey: milk is
yellower due to high
content of carotene
• Ayrshire: newest
breed, looks like
Holstein but red &
white
– good foragers
• Brown Swiss: oldest
breed, dual purpose
breed (meat & milk)
Ayrshire (Dairy)
Brown Swiss (Dairy)
Milking
• Dairy cows require lots
of high quality feed, lots
of concentrates & water
• Dairies milk 2-3 times /
day
– udder is washed & dried
– primed by hand
– milking machine pipes
milk to a cooling tank
– dip teats in iodine to
disinfect & close sphincter
muscle
Milking
• Any cows treated with
antibiotics, milk is not suited to
humans
• can cause a whole truck of milk to
be dumped out due to
contamination
• Lactation period = 10 months, dry
= 2 months
• Freshen: cows calve and begin to
lactate
• Colostrum: mothers first milk,
loaded with antibiotics etc. for
the calf
• first 3 days milk from a cow can’t
be fed to humans (feed to calf)
Milking
• Calves are usually not
allowed to nurse from
their mother
– bottle fed colostrum,
then milk replacer or
cows milk