Transcript Life Cycle of Our Sun

Our Sun
Life Cycle of Our Sun
About 4.6 billion years ago a great swirl of gas and dust some 15 billion
miles across in this location in space and began to condense forming our
Sun.
Virtually 99.9 percent of the mass of our Solar System is the Sun.
Our Sun has lived almost 5 billion years of its life and will lived
approximately 5 billion more as a medium star.
In about 4 billion years our Sun will begin to increase in temperature.
Then it will expand and cool to a Red Giant in 5 billion years.
In around 10 billion years from now, our Sun will become a hot white
dwarf then most likely burn out as a Black Dwarf.
Interior of our Sun
Layers of the Sun
From the inside out.
-Core (1.5x107°C)-Nuclear fusion occurs
here, initially creating energy.
-Radiative Zone-energy is transmitted
through radiation.
-Convective Zone- area of convection
currents where the heat is constantly
circulating.
-Photosphere (6000°C)-Sun’s Transparent
plasma (ionized gas -> split up protons
and electrons). The visible surface
-Chromo sphere(10,000°C)- Sun’s
atmosphere.
-Corona(1,000,000°C) Outer most layer of
atmosphere
Hydrogen
Hydrogen
•Nuclear Fusion
The process by which hydrogen atoms are converted in to
helium atoms and release an enormous amount of energy.
*Every second 4.5 million tons of solar mass is converted to
radiant energy in the core of the sun.
Size of our Sun
The Sun is about 149 million km (93
million miles) from Earth.
The mass of the Sun is about 750 times
the mass of all the objects in the solar
system COMBINED!!!
It is 99.9% of all the mass in our solar
system.
Revolution around galactic center =
approx. every 225 million Earth years.
Rotation = Once every 25 Earth days
Diameter 864,900milies (1.4 million km)
Mass= 333,000 times the mass of earth
Size of Our Sun and our Orbit
The Earth’s orbit around the Sun
is an “ellipse”, or a flattened oval.
This causes us to have moments
when we are closest to or furthest
away from the sun.
The Earth-Sun distance varies
by about 3%, or roughly 5 million
km (3 million miles), over the
course of a year.
Aphelion- point when the Earth
furthest away from the sun (July)
*Remember “A” for “Away”
Perihelion-point when the Earth
is closest to the sun. (January)
Exterior of our Sun
Solar
Prominence
Solar Flare
Solar Wind
Sunspots
Solar Prominence
Solar prominences are large arch-shaped structures observable in the
solar corona. These often have a twist and occasionally become
unstable, ejecting plasma and magnetic flux out from the sun.
Solar Wind- A continuous stream of high energy particles
shot from the Sun’s Corona.
Solar Wind
can also
interfere
with
communication
devices on
Earth, such
as cell
phones.
Earth’s Magnetosphere
Earth
Solar Wind
Earth’s Magnetosphere: The Earth’s invisible magnetic field.
This field attracts solar particles from the sun that could destroy all life on Earth.
The field forms around the Earth’s magnetic poles, which rotate every 10,000 years.
Our magnetic poles are shifting right now and will change possibly within your lifetime.
The earth’s magnetic field is believed to be caused by the fluid motion of the outer molten core
caused by the earth’s rotation. The moving molten metal in our core (mostly iron and nickel) is
similar to common types of metals on Earth that have the capability of being magnetic.
Aurora Borealis-(Northern Lights)when charged particles
from the sun are attracted to our magnetic poles.
The collisions between the sun’s
charged particles and our ionosphere
cause these beautiful light shows.
This action is similar to the process that
causes neon lights to glow! “Exciting” the
charged particles creates energy, which
causes the light.
Sunspots
These are darker,
cooler areas on the
surface of the sun.
They may be as small
as 16 kilometers or as
large
160,00kilometers but
usually around twice
the size of the Earth.
Usually around
4500°C.
Solar Flares
This is a solar storm
explosion on the surface of
the sun.
Gas and energy is shot
from the surface with a
temperature of 12,000°C.
Solar Flares are much
larger than our Earth.
Solar Flares can interact
with Earth’s atmosphere
causing from problems
with communication and
cell phone use.
Size of Earth