Transcript practice questions for cell respiration

Cell Respiration
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10
1 What is meant by anaerobic respiration?
Making ATP using energy of food…
A. Using O2
B. Not using O2
93%
2
gO
sin
No
tu
Us
in
g
O2
7%
Definition Anaerobic
An
-aerobic
-
without
oxygen (O2)
2 How many ATP does glycolysis
produce per glucose?
2 ATP
4 ATP
30 ATP
More than 30 ATP
57%
43%
AT
AT
P
P
0%
M
or
e
th
an
30
30
AT
P
4
AT
P
0%
2
A.
B.
C.
D.
Load electrons onto carriers
during Glycolysis & Kreb’s
cycle
Kreb’s
cycle
EMPTY electron carriers during electron transport chain to allow
repeated rounds of Glycolysis & Kreb’s cycle
3 Which is a final product in anaerobic
respiration in humans & bacteria?
Pyruvic Acid
Alcohol
Lactic Acid
Acetyl Co A
79%
14%
7%
A
Co
yl
Ac
et
La
ct
ic
Ac
id
ol
co
h
Al
cA
cid
0%
Py
ru
vi
A.
B.
C.
D.
What if oxygen is missing? O2
• No O2 available = can’t carry out Kreb’s
cycle or electron transport
• Anaerobic respiration
– =glycolysis followed by fermentation
• alcohol fermentation-yeasts
• lactic acid fermentation-bacteria
& skeletal muscle
– Cells must survive on 2 ATP/gluocse
produced during Glycolysis
– Repeating cycles of glycolysis &
fermentation
yeast
bacteria
Fermentation does
NOT produce ATP!
It regenerates
glycolysis’s reactant
NAD+ so that
glycolysis can be
repeated again & again
while conditions are
anaerobic.
Anaerobic Respiration
• Fermentation
– alcohol fermentation
• yeast
– glucose  ATP + CO2+ alcohol
– make beer, wine, bread
– lactic acid fermentation
• bacteria, animals
– glucose  ATP + lactic acid
– bacteria make yogurt
– animals feel muscle fatigue
Tastes good…
but not enough
energy for me!
O2
4 Which of the following steps produces the
most ATP?
92%
8%
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Gl
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La
A. Glycolysis
B. Lactic Acid
Fermentation
C. Krebs Cycle
D. Electron
Transport Chain
E. Alcoholic
fermentation
Load electrons onto carriers
during Glycolysis & Kreb’s
cycle
Kreb’s
cycle
EMPTY electron carriers during electron transport chain to allow
repeated rounds of Glycolysis & Kreb’s cycle
5 Which is a final product in anaerobic
respiration in one-celled fungi called yeasts?
Pyruvic acid
alcohol
Lactic acid
Acetyl coA
NADH
71%
14%
7%
7%
NA
DH
co
A
yl
Ac
et
id
ac
ct
ic
La
co
ho
l
al
ca
c id
0%
Py
ru
vi
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Fermentation does
NOT produce ATP!
It regenerates
glycolysis’s reactant
NAD+ so that
glycolysis can be
repeated again & again
while conditions are
anaerobic.
Anaerobic Respiration
• Fermentation
– alcohol fermentation
• yeast
– glucose  ATP + CO2+ alcohol
– make beer, wine, bread
– lactic acid fermentation
• bacteria, animals
– glucose  ATP + lactic acid
– bacteria make yogurt
– animals feel muscle fatigue
Tastes good…
but not enough
energy for me!
O2
6 Which best describes when fermentation
occurs in cell respiration?
50%
Before glycolysis in absence of O2
After glycolysis in presence of O2
After glycolysis in absence of O2
After Kreb’s cycle with O2 absent
After Kreb’s cycle with O2 present
After electron transport chain with O2 absent
After electron transport chain with O2 present
14%
7%
14%
7%
0%
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Be
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Fermentation only occurs after glycolysis when Oxygen
is absent.
Fermentation allows repeated cycles of
glycolysisfermentationglycolysisfermentation…
7 Plants and other autotrophs use CO2, but give
off O2 , during:
A. TRANSPIRATION
B. ANAEROBIC CELL
RESPIRATION
C. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
D. AEROBIC CELL
RESPIRATION
E. FERMENTATION
62%
23%
15%
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C6H1206 + 602  6C02 + 6H20 + energy in ATP Cell respiration
6C02 + 6H20 + light energy  C6H1206 + 602
Photosynthesis
Glucose C6H1206
8 Plants and other autotrophs use O2, but give off
CO2 , during:
A. TRANSPIRATION
B. ANAEROBIC CELL
RESPIRATION
C. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
D. AEROBIC CELL
RESPIRATION
E. FERMENTATION
79%
14%
7%
HE
SI
LR
S
ES
PI
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SP
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N
0%
C6H1206 + 602  6C02 + 6H20 + energy in ATP Cell respiration
6C02 + 6H20 + light energy  C6H1206 + 602
Photosynthesis
Glucose C6H1206
9 WHICH ORGANELLE IS THE
POWERHOUSE OF THE ANIMAL CELL?
A. VACUOLE
B. NUCLEUS
C. ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
D. MITOCHONDRIA
E. CHLOROPLASTS
67%
25%
8%
0%
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Eukaryotic organelles
Photosynthesis, synthesis of sugar
11 Which process occurs in eukaryotic
producers/autotrophs?
photosynthesis
Cell respiration
neither
Both
69%
15%
th
Bo
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ith
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er
8%
io
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is
8%
ph
ot
os
yn
th
A.
B.
C.
D.
Producers carry out both
photosynthesis & cell respiration
Photosynthesis makes glucose, for long-term
energy storage in producers
• BUT
• For ALL organisms, Cell work requires ATP
as an energy source, and to make this ATP,
cells carry out cell respiration convert food
molecule energy into ATP energy.
12 Which process occurs in eukaryotic
consumers/heterotrophs?
photosynthesis
Cell respiration
neither
Both
69%
31%
th
Bo
ne
ith
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pi
Ce
ll r
er
0%
io
n
es
is
0%
ph
ot
os
yn
th
A.
B.
C.
D.
Producers carry out both
photosynthesis & cell respiration
Photosynthesis makes glucose, for long-term
energy storage in producers
• BUT
• For ALL organisms, Cell work requires ATP
as an energy source, and to make this ATP,
cells carry out cell respiration convert food
molecule energy into ATP energy.
13 WHICH ORGANELLE IS FOUND IN A
EUKARYOTIC AUTOTROPH?
MITOCHONDRIAN
CHLOROPLAST
NEITHER
Both
71%
29%
th
Bo
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N
0%
M
A.
B.
C.
D.
Producers carry out both
photosynthesis & cell respiration
Photosynthesis makes glucose, for long-term
energy storage in producers in chloroplasts
• BUT
• For ALL organisms, Cell work requires ATP as
an energy source, and to make this ATP, cells
carry out cell respiration convert food molecule
energy into ATP energy. In mitochondria
14 CELLS NEED ENERGY PROVIDED BY ATP
TO PERFORM ALL BUT WHICH OF THESE
FUNCTIONS?
A.
B.
C.
D.
42%
33%
17%
8%
0%
TH
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M
MOVEMENT
GROWTH
REPRODUCTION
CHEMICAL
SYNTHESIS DURING
METABOLISM
E. PASSIVE TRANSPORT
F. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Cell work is fueled by energy
stored in ATP
Cell work includes
– Movement
– Growth and repair and reproduction
– Synthesis of molecules
– Active transport
– Sending signals to other cells & Responding to
stimuli
Passive transport is not cell work & does not
require ATP!
15 Why do cells carry out fermentation during
anaerobic conditions, even though it results in
production of toxic alcohol or lactic acid?
55%
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...
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A. Can use the toxins for
food
B. Form more ATP than
glycolysis alone
C. Regenerate NAD+ so
glycolysis can be
repeated
D. Form more NADH so
electron transport can
occur
What if oxygen is missing? O2
• No O2 available = can’t carry out Kreb’s
cycle or electron transport
• Anaerobic respiration
– =glycolysis followed by fermentation
• alcohol fermentation-yeasts
• lactic acid fermentation-bacteria
& skeletal muscle
– Cells must survive on 2 ATP/gluocse
produced during Glycolysis
– Repeating cycles of glycolysis &
fermentation
yeast
bacteria
Fermentation does
NOT produce ATP!
It regenerates
glycolysis’s reactant
NAD+ so that
glycolysis can be
repeated again & again
while conditions are
anaerobic.
Anaerobic Respiration
• Fermentation
– alcohol fermentation
• yeast
– glucose  ATP + CO2+ alcohol
– make beer, wine, bread
– lactic acid fermentation
• bacteria, animals
– glucose  ATP + lactic acid
– bacteria make yogurt
– animals feel muscle fatigue
Tastes good…
but not enough
energy for me!
O2
16 Which is the correct order of the phases of
aerobic cell respiration?
77%
15%
8%
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A. Krebs, glycolysis,
fermentation, electron
transport
B. Glycolysis, fermentation,
Krebs, electron transport
C. Electron transport,
fermentation, glycolysis,
Krebs
D. Glycolysis, Krebs,
electron transport
17 Which is the correct location of the phases of
cell respiration?
50%
A. Glycolysis-cytoplasm
B. Glycolysismitochondrian
C. Fermentationmitochondrian
D. Krebs cycle-cytoplasm
E. Electron transportcytoplasm
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. ..
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Load electrons onto carriers
during Glycolysis & Kreb’s
cycle
Kreb’s
cycle
In
matrix
in cristae
EMPTY electron carriers during electron transport chain to allow
repeated rounds of Glycolysis & Kreb’s cycle
18 What is the purpose of glycolysis?
54%
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...
1. Begin process of breaking
glucose & transferring electrons
to NADH
2. Make lots of ATP
3. Finish breaking down the
glucose C chain, then transfer
all the electrons to electron
carriers
4. Extract the energy from
electrons to make ATP
Begins breakdown of glucose & caturing of electrons
onto electron carriers.
only 2 ATP/glucose made
Completes capturing electrons onto electron
carriers. Only 2 ATP/glucose Made.
Empties filled electron carriers to
Harvest energy of the electrons into 30
or more ATP molecules + regenerate
empty electron carriers for reuse.
19 What is the purpose of Kreb’s cycle?
75%
17%
th
e
Ex
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br
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...
A. Begin process of breaking
glucose & transferring electrons
to NADH
B. Make lots of ATP
C. Finish breaking down the
glucose C chain, then transfer
all the electrons to electron
carriers
D. Extract the energy from
electrons to make ATP
Begins breakdown of glucose & caturing of electrons
onto electron carriers.
only 2 ATP/glucose made
Completes capturing electrons onto electron
carriers. Only 2 ATP/glucose Made.
Empties filled electron carriers to
Harvest energy of the electrons into 30
or more ATP molecules + regenerate
empty electron carriers for reuse.
20 what is purpose of electron transport chain?
67%
33%
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..
m
en
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e
Ex
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..
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ce
s
A. Begin process of breaking glucose
& transferring electrons to NADH
B. Make small amount ATP & lots
electron carriers filled up
C. Finish breaking down the glucose
C chain, then transfer all the
electrons to electron carriers
D. Extract the energy from electrons
to make ATP
Begins breakdown of glucose & caturing of electrons
onto electron carriers.
only 2 ATP/glucose made
Completes capturing electrons onto electron
carriers. Only 2 ATP/glucose Made.
Empties filled electron carriers to
Harvest energy of the electrons into 30
or more ATP molecules + regenerate
empty electron carriers for reuse.
21 The two types of
fermentation:
co
ho
lic
an
d
id
ct
ic
Ac
ro
An
ae
0%
Al
Ae
d
an
bi
c
an
d
ic
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ro
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b
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La
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Al
co
ho
an
d
ic
ro
b
Ae
0%
ic
0%
lic
0%
La
A. Aerobic and
Alcoholic
B. Aerobic and Lactic
Acid
C. Anaerobic and
Aerobic
D. Lactic Acid and
Alcoholic
What if oxygen is missing? O2
• No O2 available = can’t carry out Kreb’s
cycle or electron transport
• Anaerobic respiration
– =glycolysis followed by fermentation
• alcohol fermentation-yeasts
• lactic acid fermentation-bacteria
& skeletal muscle
– Cells must survive on 2 ATP/gluocse
produced during Glycolysis
– Repeating cycles of glycolysis &
fermentation
yeast
bacteria
I can label this diagram with:
E.
F.
Just the steps
Steps and places
Above and amount of ATP.
All above and cycle of energy carriers
(NADH/FADH2)
All above and fermentation.
Explain relationships for all above
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
Ju
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Ab
St
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la
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t io
ns
n.
hi
ps
fo
ra
..
A.
B.
C.
D.
If aerobic
If NOT aerobic, only glycolysis &
fermentation!
& regenerate FAD+ &
NAD+ to repeat
aerobic cell
respiration!