Transcript Ocean productivity - LemoineHPCScience

OCEAN
PRODUCTIVITY
A PowerPoint presentation by Hana Chong, Tatyana
Jackson and Jonae Connell
WHAT IS OCEAN PRODUCTIVITY?
•
Ocean productivity refers to the
makings of organic matter by
Phytoplankton, single celled plants
suspended in the ocean.
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PHYTOPLANKTON
•
Phytoplankton are photoautotrophs, meaning they
photosynthesize (harvest light to convert inorganic to organic
carbon)
•
They give this organic carbon to heterotrophs, organisms that
gain their energy only from the respiration of organic matter
•
Open ocean heterotrophs include bacteria and more complex
single and multi –celled zooplankton, nekton, and the benthos
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WHAT DOES OCEAN PRODUCTIVITY NEED?
•
Phytoplankton require a suit of chemicals, and those with the potential
to be scarce in surface waters are usually identified as nutrients
•
Calcium is an element that is rapidly assimilated by some plankton, but is
not considered a nutrient because of its high concentration in sea water
•
Dissolved inorganic carbon, (the feedstock for organic carbon
production by photosynthesis) is also abundant, so it is not usually listed
among the nutrients. But, its acidic form is often at low concentrations
to affect the growth of at least some phytoplankton.
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WHAT DOES OCEAN PRODUCTIVITY NEED?
•
Sunlight is the ultimate energy source for almost all life on Earth,
including in the deep ocean. However, light is absorbed and scattered
so that very little of it penetrates below a depth of 80 m.
•
So, photosynthesis is restricted to the upper light-penetrated skin of the
ocean.
•
This effect of light on photosynthesis and seawater is crucial for the
success of phytoplankton. If the ocean did not have a thin surface layer,
mixing would carry algae out of the light and thus away from their
energy source for most of the time.
•
(In other words, ocean productivity needs lots of sunlight!)
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WHO ARE THE MAJOR PLAYERS IN OCEAN
PRODUCTIVITY?
• Photoautotrophs
• Heterotrophs
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and Jackie Chan
PHOTOAUTOTROPHS
•
Photoautotrophs photosynthesize (using light as an
energy source to make their own food from
inorganic substances)
•
Sometimes referred to as holophytic
•
Photosynthetic bacteria and green plants are
photoautotrophs
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HETEROTROPHS
•
an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex
organic substances.
•
Heterotrophs cannot make their own food, and eat other
organisms to survive.
•
Origin : from hetero ‘other’ and Greek trophos ‘feeder’
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ANSWER ON A SHEET OF PAPER
1.
What are zooplankton?
2.
What does ocean productivity need?
3.
What are heterotrophs?
4.
What is ocean productivity?
5.
What is another name for photoautotroph?
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