Transcript Cell Respiration Worksheet Document

Objectives:
I CAN…
□Explain how cells obtain energy
from cellular respiration
CELLULAR RESPIRATION!
= ENERGY
The general equation
for cell respiration is
written as:
C6H12O6 + O2→ CO2 + H2O + ATP
Glucose + Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide +Water + Energy
Cellular Respiration
• Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of
the cell. They are organelles that act like a
digestive system that takes in nutrients, breaks
them down, and creates energy for the cell. The
process of creating cell energy is known as
cellular respiration. Most of the chemical
reactions involved in cellular respiration happen
in the mitochondria. A mitochondrion is shaped
perfectly to maximize its efforts. Remember
they have folded membranes to increase
chemical reactions!
Intro To Cellular Respiration
• Organisms, such as plants and algae, can trap the
energy in sunlight through photosynthesis and store
it in the chemical bonds of carbohydrate molecules.
The principal carbohydrate formed through
photosynthesis is glucose. Other types of
organisms, such as animals, fungi, protozoa, and a
large portion of the bacteria, are unable to perform
this process. Therefore, these organisms must rely
on the carbohydrates formed in plants to obtain the
energy necessary for their metabolic processes.
This means they must eat plants and other animals
in order to gain energy.
Cont.
• Cells take the carbohydrates into their cytoplasm, and
through a complex series of metabolic processes, they
break down the carbohydrates and release the energy.
The energy is generally not needed immediately; rather it
is used to combine adenosine diphosphate (ADP) with
another phosphate to form adenosine triphosphate
(ATP) molecules. The ATP can then be used for
processes in the cells that require energy, much as a
battery powers a mechanical device. During the process
of cellular respiration, carbon dioxide is given off. Plant
cells can use this carbon dioxide during photosynthesis
to form new carbohydrates.
CELLULAR RESPIRATION: A CYCLE!
In thechloroplasts
___________ of:
Plants, Algae, & some Bacteria
Photosynthesis
O2 glucose
___+_____
CO
H2O
___2+ ____
Cell Respiration
In themitochondria
___________ of:
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
Objectives:
I CAN…
□Explain how cells obtain energy
from lactic acid and alcoholic
fermentation
REVIEW
PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION: A CYCLE!
In thechloroplasts
___________ of:
Plants, Algae, & some Bacteria
Photosynthesis
O2 glucose
___+_____
CO
H2O
___2+ ____
Cell Respiration
In themitochondria
___________ of:
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
• What happens when
there is no oxygen
available for cellular
respiration?
What Happens When There is
No Oxygen?
Lactic Acid Fermentation
• When oxygen is scarce,
lactic acid is used to
produce energy. It is
produced in the muscles
and causes muscle
fatigue.
Alcoholic Fermentation
• Yeast and bacteria use
alcoholic fermentation to
supply energy.
Aerobic = WITH oxygen
36 ATP molecules are
produced!
This is the best way to
go--you get more bang
for your buck!
Anaerobic = WITHOUT oxygen
Only 2 ATPs are produced!
2 Types:
1. LACTIC ACID:
• Produced in your MUSCLES during rapid exercise when the
muscles cannot get enough OXYGEN!
• Build up of lactic acid is responsible for your painful, burning
muscles after hard exercise
• Some prokaryotes produce lactic acid as a waste- used to make
_CHEESE , yogurt, pickles, and KIMCHI.
2. ALCOHOLIC Fermentation: in bacteria and yeast
• Produces CARBON DIOXIDE and ALCOHOL
• Responsible for bread rising and making beer
• Yeast like the WARMTH, but if you heat them up TOO much (like
in the oven), they’ll die!
• Cool fact: Yeast can use either Aerobic OR anaerobic respiration!
What does yeast do
when it ferments?
RELEASES CO2
Can you see holes
in your bread?
What causes
those holes?
How is BEER made?
In the brewing process, complex
sugars, such as sucrose, are first
broken down by yeast into simple
sugars, such as glucose. Glucose is
then further decomposed into
ethanol and carbon dioxide. The
ethanol produced is the alcohol in
alcoholic drinks, such as beer and
wine; the carbon dioxide puts
bubbles into beers and champagne.
LACTIC ACID
ALCOHOLIC
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
(Fermentation)
(Fermentation)
Glucose
Glucose
Glucose
Glycolysis
(pyruvic acid)
Glycolysis
+
(pyruvic acid)
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide
+
+
Lactic Acid
Alcohol
Water
+
+
+
2 ATP
2 ATP
36 ATP
Glycolysis
(pyruvic acid)
Independent Practice
• Read page 237 in your textbook.
• Copy down the chart on page 237
in your text book on your notes.
Underline any words you do not
understand.
• Complete your reflection.