Transcript MAC - Bakersfield College

MAC
Presented by: Lynsie Kamppi, Del
Marie Patton, and Maureen Horsch
Specific Term
• MAC(Mycobacterium avium
complex)
• MIC(Mycobacterium intracellulare
complex)
• MAC affects lungs, spleen, lymph
nodes, and intestines
Characteristics
• Found in HIV patients or individuals with compromised immune
systems
• One of many different types of Mycobacterium species
• Classified as an acid-fast gram positive bacilli
• Slender, nonmotile, and does not produce spores or capsules
• Composed of aerobic species
• Grows slowly, often requiring a month or more to form a visible
colony on an agar surface
• Usually found in people with under 50 T4 cells
• Outer cell walls consist of mycolic acids, making the cells resistant to
desiccation and to staining with water based dyes
• Chemotrophs(use various metabolic pathways)
• Enters through airways and invades macrophages where they become
overwhelmed by replicating bacilli and die
Resistance to Rifampin and INH
• Rifampin resistance results from
chromosomal mutation that alters the
binding site on an enzyme
• INH(Isoniazid) resistance is due to random
mutations of bacterial chromosomes that
result in reduced drug uptake or alterations
of target sites
Exchange DNA Method
• The DNA exchange method is
transformation, because it kills
macrophages and the bacteria takes over.
Treatment
• Suggested treatment would be azithromycin
or clarithromycin. Effective treatment
should continue for life
Prognosis
• Most likely the patient will not conform to
taking this treatment for life
• The Mycobacterium may become resistant
to these drugs
• The HIV virus will eventually take the
patients life
Precautions
• Drinking water should be boiled
• Avoid contact with animals, especially birds
and bird droppings. Pigeons carry MAC
• Avoid raw food and unpasteurized dairy
products