Transcript Animal Science II- Small Animal

Animal Science IISmall Animal
Unit AThe Small Animal Care Industry
Objective
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Discuss techniques and risk involved when
working with small animals
Zoonoses
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A disease that can be transmitted from
animals to humans
Example: Rabies
Rabies
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A viral disease
Affects the nervous system
Contracted by:
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Bites
Scratches
Saliva
Rabies
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Immunization is recommended when in
doubt
Children five to nine receive the most
animals bites
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5% report bites
More than measles, mumps, chicken pox, and
whooping cough
Most domestic animals are not infected if
vaccinated regularly
Rabies
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First Aid:
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Wash the affected area
Use soap and water
Tetanus shot
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If booster has not been received in 5 years
Worker protection:
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3 intradermal injections over three weeks
2 intramuscular injections if exposed
Toxoplasmosis
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Disease from Toxoplasma gondii parasite
Usually carried by cats
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Spread by:
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Infected by ingesting contaminated mice
Cat feces
Contaminated cat litter
Affects those with suppressed immune
system
Toxoplasmosis
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Symptoms:
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Fever
Headache
Swollen lymph glands
Cough
Sore throat
Congestion
Loss of appetite
Rash
Toxoplasmosis
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Concern for pregnant women
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Miscarriage
Premature babies
Blindness in babies
Prevention:
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Disposable gloves when cleaning litter box
Thoroughly washing hands
Get a dog instead!
Ringworm
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Fungal disease
Skin lesion:
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Round
Scaly and encrusted
Loss of hair at site
Spread by direct contact
Indirectly by equipment
Treatment:
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Iodine soap or antifungal drugs
Psittacosis (Parrot Fever)
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Contracted by caged birds of the
Psittacosis family
Transmitted through feces and fecal dust
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Bacteria
Prevention:
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Wear dust mask
Eliminating mites and lice
Spraying disinfectants
Psittacosis (Parrot Fever)
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Symptoms:
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Coughing
Chest pains
Fever
Chills
Weakness
Vomiting
Muscular pain
Antibiotics used as treatment
Cat-scratch fever
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Non-serious
Cat bites and scratches
Symptoms:
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Localized swelling and soreness
Treated with antibiotics
Affected area may be slow to heal
Cat-scratch fever
Samonellosis
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Caused by the Salmonella bacteria
Children and elderly most at risk
Symptoms appear 12-72hrs after infection:
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Abdominal pain
Vomiting
Diarrhea for 4-7 days
Pet turtles and reptiles
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Most likely to infect humans
Streptococcal
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Bacteria
Results in sore throat
Can be transmitted by dogs
Treated with penicillin
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
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Cause coagulation of the blood
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Fever
Headaches
Nausea & Vomiting
Skin rash
Death if not treated
Primarily passed by the American dig tick
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6 other species can carry the disease
Lyme Disease
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First case in 1969 in Wisconsin
Named in 1977
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Lyme Connecticut
Children developed arthritic condition
Bacterial disease (Borrelia burgdurferi)
Distinctive skin lesion 3-32 days
Lyme Disease
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Flu like symptoms
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Can damage internal organs without
treatment Antibiotics used as treatment
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Painful joints
Fatigue may last for months
Tetracycline (adults)
Amoxicillin (children)
Vaccines can be administered
Parasites
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Gain subsistence from a host organism
Ticks
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Seven species carry Rocky Mountain Spotted
fever
Five species carry Lyme disease
Parasites
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Ascarids (Toxocara species) & Hookworms
Affect dogs and cats
May be passed to humans
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Fever
Headache
De-worming cats and dogs most effective
preventative method
Parasites
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Tapeworm
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Echinococcus granuosus
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Echinococcus multilocularus
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CA, UT, AZ, NM
Located in upper Midwest (cool climate)
Occasionally carried by dogs and cats
Alveolar Hydatid Disease (AHD)
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Rare
Potentially fatal (50-70%)
Parasitic tumors of the liver
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May go unnoticed for years
Avoid hand to mouth contact
Tapeworm
Life Cycle of AHD
Safety
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Assignment:
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Read page 18-21 in your textbook
Know the 13 safety guidelines for working in the
small animals industry & complete in your guided
notes!