Transcript Unit 6 Hydrosphere Day 5 2016

Unit 6 Hydrosphere Day 5
Focus: Water Quality Indicators
2-1-17 Warm-up – Page ___ - Answers only
1. Which best describes the characteristics of a river basin?
a. The land drained by a river and its tributaries
b. The land formed when rivers create estuaries and marshes
c. The land at the mouth of a river where water flows into the ocean
d. The land formed as a result of a river flooding
A
2. If wolves prey on deer for food, what will initially happen to the deer
population if wolves are removed from an area where deer live? (What
will happen over time and why?)
a.
b.
c.
d.
The population of deer will increase.
The population of deer will decrease.
The population of deer will remain the same.
The population of deer will become extinct.
A
3. Which would best allow a species to survive environmental changes?
a.
b.
similar physical features
low mutation rate
c. small population
d. genetic diversity
D
Agenda
1. 5th period – Finish 1 lab station
2. Water Quality Notes - “Health of a
Water System”
3. Water Quality Indicators
questions/activity
4. Wrap-up
Homework
1. Quiz Monday over water’s properties
and water quality indicators
2. Answer quest on worksheet “What
Factors Affect Water Quality?” using
the article provided (front and
back…READ) and do the Rocky River
watershed activity.
Essential Question:
What factors determine water
quality?
The Health of
a Water
System
There are 6 indicators (things
the EPA will monitor) in a body
of water that tell if it is
healthy.






oxygen
1. Dissolved _______
2. Temperature
3. Nitrates
________
4. pH
5. Turbidity
________
6. Biological indicators (Bio-indicators
such as E. Coli bacteria, # of species of
insects ______
algae
fish, ______,
& aquatic weeds)
There are 6 indicators (things
the EPA will monitor) in a body
of water that tell if it is
healthy.






1. Dissolved oxygen
2. Temperature
3. Nitrates
4. pH
5. Turbidity
6. Biological indicators (Bio-indicators
such as E. Coli bacteria, # of species of
fish, insects, algae & aquatic weeds)
Dissolved Oxygen
Dissolved oxygen also called DO
 Levels need to be above 4.0 mg/L
 If levels are low, death to organisms
(cellular respiration)
 Sewage, fertilizer runoff (increase
in algae growth – as algae die,
bacteria decompose them and use up
oxygen in the water), warm water
temperature, and animal waste can
decrease DO levels

Dissolved Oxygen
D.O.
Dissolved oxygen also called ____
4.0 mg/L.
 Levels need to be above _______
death to
 If levels are low, _____
organisms (_______
Cellular respiration)
fertilizer
 Sewage, ________
runoff (increase
in algae growth – as algae die,
bacteria decompose them and use
_________
oxygen in the water), increase
up ______
_____
water temperature, and animal waste
lower
can _______
DO levels

Is this point-source or nonpoint-source pollution?
Point-source. We can “point to” or identify where the pollution is coming
WHY? from.
Temperature
Temperature changes can affect
_________
Oxygen (D.O.) levels.
Dissolved ______
less D.O. than cool
 Warm water holds _____
water.
heated
 Water that is ______
in manufacturing
and dumped in a river will heat the river
lower
and ______the
D.O. level causing the
death of organisms.
______
thermal
 This heated water is called ______
pollution
_______.

Temperature
Temperature changes can affect
Dissolved oxygen (DO) levels.
 Warm water holds less DO than cool
water.
 Water that is heated in manufacturing
and dumped in a river will heat the river
and lower the DO level causing the
death of organisms.
 This heated water is called thermal
pollution.

Fish kill
Nitrates
 Naturally
occurring.
 Small amounts in water are
normal.
 Elevated levels can decrease DO
levels causing harm to
organisms.
 They can come from animal
waste or fertilizers.
Nitrates
Naturally
 _______
occurring.
Small
 _____
amounts in water are
normal
_____.
lower
 Elevated levels can ______
DO
death to
levels causing ____
organisms.
 They can come from
animal
waste
or
fertilizers
carried
by
rainfall
________________________
into streams.
Have you ever seen a pond covered
with green algae? If so, you are
observing eutrophication (yoo tro
fi kay shun) . It’s not a good thing!
Eutrophication
What is Eutrophication?

Increase in _____
algae growth due to excess
_______
fertilizers and ________
animal________
wastes
_______
getting into
a body of water. The fertilizers feed the _____
algae
multiply rapidly. Algae may cover the
which _______
lowering the amount of
surface of a pond _______
________
decreased photosynthesis
sunlight resulting in _______
________ for
bacteria
aquatic plants. As the algae die, _______
deplete (use up) the
multiply rapidly and begin to ______
Dissolved oxygen
__________
________ in the water. This
results in ______
death of aquatic animals.
Eutrophication

Increase in algae growth due to excess fertilizers
and animal wastes getting into a body of water.
The fertilizers feed the algae which multiply
rapidly. Algae may cover the surface of a pond
reducing the amount of sunlight resulting in
decreased photosynthesis for aquatic plants. As
the algae die, bacteria multiply rapidly and begin
to deplete the dissolved oxygen in the water.
This results in death of aquatic animals.
pH
pH is about acid/base balance.
 Normal 6.5 – 8.5
 7 is neutral
 Lower #’s = more acidic/Higher #’s = more
base (alkaline) so less acidic
 Acid rain and chemicals can affect pH

ACIDS
NORMAL
BASES
pH
Acid/base
pH is about ___________
balance. Open a textbook
to page 712.)
6.5-8.5
 Normal is_________
Neutral (what we would like it to be)
 7 is _______
acidic
 Lower #’s = more ______/Higher
#’s = more
less acidic
base (alkaline) so ______
pH
Acid_______and
rain
 ______
chemicals can affect ____

ACIDS
NORMAL
BASES
Let’s watch a video to show how pH
can affect a body of water.
http://www.ket.org/education/video/
watersolutions/acmdprecipitate.htm
Turbidity




concentration
Measure of ____________
of particles
_______
suspended
_________
in water.
High turbidity ______
reduces light penetration and
_____
smother fish and
gills
can clog fishes’ ______,
______
nests
insect _______
negatively
Lack of light _________
affects the health of
photosynthesis
organisms and reduces __________.
volume
Turbidity is affected by the _______
(amount)
velocity
and ________
(speed)of the water (the
higher
________the
volume and velocity, the
higher the turbidity)
_______
Turbidity




Measure of concentration of particles
suspended in water.
High turbidity reduces light penetration and
can clog fishes’ gills, cover fish and insect
nests
Lack of light negatively affects the health of
organisms and reduces photosynthesis.
Turbidity is affected by the volume (amount)
and velocity (speed)of the water (the greater
the volume and velocity, the greater the
turbidity)
Biological Indicators

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
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amounts
types
The _______
and ______of
______
living
Aquatic _______,
insects
organisms (plants, _______
fish
mussels, worms, leeches, _____)
in a
health
water system indicate the ______
of the
water system.
decrease
A _________
in living organisms indicates
unhealthy
an _________
system.
Invertebrates (insects) can
Some organisms (_____________)
pollution
tolerate higher
______ levels of water ______.
Presence of these organisms tells the
EPA
polluted
______that
the body of water is ______.
High bacteria levels may indicate pollution
Biological Indicators


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The amount and types of living organisms
(plants, aquatic insects, mussels, worms, &
leeches, fish) in a water system indicate
the health of the water system.
A decrease in living organisms indicates an
unhealthy system.
Some organisms (invertebrates) can
tolerate higher levels of water pollution.
Presence of these organisms tells the EPA
that the body of water is polluted.
High bacteria levels may indicate pollution
Fish Kill
Macroinvertebrates
(insects/larvae/crustaceans/
snails)
NOW

Work quietly with a partner to
complete the “What Factors Affect
Water Quality?” worksheet and Rocky
River activity. Finish it for
homework.