Transcript Chapter 14 Warm-Up

Chapter 14 Warm-Up
Part 1 – Make a list of ways to keep
your teeth healthy. Circle the behaviors
you engage in regularly. Put a star next
the ones you would like to improve.
Part 2 – Make a list of activities during
which some type of eye protection
should be worn. Consider both
recreational and sport activities.
Chapter 14
Personal Care and
Healthy Behaviors
Lesson 1 – Healthy Skin, Hair and
Nails
• Structure and Function of Skin
– Epidermis – Outer, thinner layer that is
composed of living and dead cells.
– Dermis – Thicker layer of the skin beneath the
epidermis that is made up of connective
tissue, and contains blood vessels and nerves.
– Melanin – Pigment that gives skin, hair and
the iris of the eyes their color.
Healthy Skin
• In order to keep your skin healthy follow
these steps:
– Wash your face twice a day.
– Daily bathing or showering helps remove and
slow bacteria growth that causes body odor.
– Avoid touching your face with your hands, this
can introduce new bacteria to the skin’s
surface.
– Choose personal skin care products carefully!
Protect from UV Rays
• Even though a sunburn or tan can fade or
disappear, the damages of the UV rays are
long-term.
• Always wear sunscreen on exposed areas
of skin.
• Wear protective clothing – Hats, longsleeved shirts, long pants, etc. to prevent
excessive exposure.
• Sunlight is most intense from 10am-4pm.
Body Piercing and Tattooing
• The practice of piercing and tattooing has
been around for thousands of years.
These changes are permanent and carry
potential health risks.
• Blood borne pathogen risk is increased
– Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV through nonsterile needle use.
• Tattooing and piercing can also affect your
social health.
Common Skin Problems
• Acne
– Touching or picking at only aggravates the
condition and may cause scarring.
• Warts
• Boils
• Moles
– Certain moles may develop into Melanoma –
the most serious form of skin cancer.
Melanoma
• ABCD’s of Melanoma
– A = Asymmetry – Line drawn through middle
does not produce matching halves
– B = Border irregularity – Noncancerous moles
have smooth edges, suspect moles often have
irregular edges.
– C = Color – Look for moles that are intensely
black, or with bluish tint, or uneven color.
– D = Diameter – Check for moles that are
wider across than a pea.
Your Hair
• Hair is on almost every skin surface.
• Between 100,000 to 200,000 on your
head!
• Regular shampooing and daily brushing
helps keep hair healthy.
• Limit the use of permanents, dyes, or
bleaches; Overexposure can make hair dry
and brittle.
Hair Problems
• Dandruff – Scalp becomes too dry and
dead skin cells shed as sticky, white flakes
• Head Lice – Mainly spread from Head-toHead Contact.
– Don’t share hairbrushes with anyone!
– After ridding yourself of infection, sterilize
sheets, hairbrushes, combs, curling/flat irons,
and hats to prevent reinfection.
Your Nails
• Serve as protection of the tissues of the
fingers and toes.
• Keep nails clean and evenly trimmed.
• Trim toenails straight across and just
slightly above the skin to prevent ingrown
nails, and to reduce risk of infection.
Lesson 2 – Care of Teeth and Mouth
• Your Teeth
– The periodontium is the area immediately
around the teeth. It is made of the gums,
periodontal ligaments, and the jawbone.
– A tooth is made up of three main parts.
• The crown – visible portion of the tooth. It is
covered with enamel.
• The dentin – Middle Layer of the tooth.
• The pulp – the tissue that contains the blood
vessels and nerves of a tooth. Pulp extends into
the root canal and provides nourishment to the
tooth.
Healthy Teeth and Mouth
• Plaque is a sticky, colorless film that acts on
sugar to form acids that destroy tooth enamel
and irritate gums.
– Plaque and bacteria can cause tooth decay.
• Tooth decay and other diseases can be
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prevented by brushing after eating and flossing
daily.
Regular dental visits are important for
maintaining dental health.
Follow a well-balanced diet – include
phosphorus, calcium, and vitamin C.
– Reduce amount of sugary snacks you eat.
– Avoid all tobacco products.
Problems of the Teeth and Mouth
• Halitosis, or bad breath, can be caused by eating
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certain foods, smoking, poor hygiene, bacteria
on the tongue, decayed teeth, or gum disease.
Periodontal disease is caused by bacterial
infection.
Malocclusion, “bad bite”, may be caused by
having extra teeth and misalignment of the
upper and lower jaws.
Your Eyes
• Your eyes sit in bony sockets, called
orbits, in the front of your skull. They are
cushioned inside the orbits by a layer of
fat.
• Your eyebrows, eyelashes, and eyelids
protect your eyes from foreign particles
and bright light.
Parts of the Eye
• Two Main Parts
– Optic Nerve – connects the eye with the brain
to produce images.
– Three Layers of the eyeball wall.
• Outermost layer is made up of the sclera and the
cornea
• The middle layer of the eye wall includes the
choroids, iris - which contains the pupil, and the
retina.
• Important Tips to Have Healthy Eyes
– Follow well-balanced diet. Vitamin A
deficiency can affect night vision.
– Protect your eyes. Safety goggles or mask
should be worn when the eyes could get
damaged. Keep dirty hands away from your
eyes to reduce risk of eye infection and injury.
– Have regular eye exams to detect any
problems as early as possible,
– Rest your eyes regularly – Take breaks when
working on the computer, look up every 10
minutes to reduce eyestrain.
Lesson 4 - Parts of the Ear
• The ear has three main sections.
– Outer ear begins with the visible part of the
ear, called the auricle.
– The middle ear contains the auditory ossicles
• The middle ear is connected to the throat by the
Eustachian tube.
– The inner ear, or labyrinth, consists of a
network of curved and spiral passages with
three main parts.
• The cochlea is the area of hearing.
• The vestibule and semicircular canals are where
balance is controlled.
• Healthy Behaviors for Healthy Ears
– Clean your ears regularly.
• Let the shower water gently run into your ears. That will
melt any ear wax you have in your ears.
– Protect your ears from injury and extreme cold.
– Keep foreign objects, including Q-tips, OUT of your
ears! Only use Q-tips on the external part of your ear!
– Have ear infections treated immediately by a health
care professional.
– Have your ears examined and your hearing tested.
• Protect your hearing by avoiding overexposure
to loud noise, that may lead to hearing loss or
deafness.