Transcript A- Alger National Institute of Veterinary Medicine

Algerian Democratic and Popular Republic
Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Peach
National Institute of Veterinary Medicine
« Veterinary Surveillance Network of
Resistance of Bacteria to Antibiotics »
Workshop Exchange of Knowledge and Coordination
on the Development of Livestock
Algiers , March 21 – 23 th 2016
The rational use of antibiotics is the responsibility of
prescribers "doctors and vets" who must give
themselves the means of a thoughtful and reasoned
choice, Based on additional tests.
WHO is working closely with the OIE and FAO to
promote best practices including the optimal use of
antibiotics both in humans and in animals and in
order to prevent the emergence and spread
antimicrobial resistance.
IN ALGERIA
Pasteur Institute of Algeria and the National Institute of
Veterinary Medicine by mutualizing their resources and
expertise
have
established
epidemiological
surveillance
systems of resistance to antibiotics (ATB)
Assess the nature and extent of the use of ATB and the
main molecules resistance rates
National Institute of Veterinary Medicine
01 Veterinary Central Laboratory (LCV)
09 Veterinary Régional Laboratory (LVR)
04 Monitoring and Early Warning Veterinary
Laboratories (LVSAP)
Technical Staff : 123
Administrative Staff : 46
Support Staff : 83
Global Staff : 252
Animal diseases Diagnostic
350 000 analyses / Year
Food contrôle (animal origin)
40 000 analyses / Year
Epidemiological surveys: 10 / Year
Entomological Surveillance : 02 operation / Year
vaccination campaigns: Anti-rabies , anti-brucellosis
anti-foot and mouth disease, anti pox
National Institute of Veterinary Medicine (INMV)
In 1999: Membership to Veterinary Surveillance Network of
Resistance of Bacteria to Antibiotics in collaboration with the
medical network initiate by IPA and WHO.
ALGERIAN
LABORATORIES FOR
SURVEILLANCE OF
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE
PASTEUR
INSTITUTE
ALGERIA
IPA
LABORATOIRES
MINISTRY OF
HEALTH
VETERINARIAN
LABORATORIES
INMV / MADRP
WHO
In 2012: Establishment Veterinary Surveillance Network of
Resistance of Bacteria to Antibiotics
Technical and
Scientific
Departments
LVR
Tlemcen
Microbiological
unity
IPA
LCV
Alger
LVR
Mostaganem
Network of Veterinarian
Laboratories (INMV)
LVR
Laghouat
(RESARVET)
LVR
El Tarf
LVR
Constantine
LVR
Tizi Ouzou
MAIN MISSIONS RESARVET
 Study, monitoring and followed of antibiotics resistance in
the different area of livestock ;
 Improve scientific communication to the prescriptors
(Veterinarian) and make them avaible the antibiotic
resistance’s data ;
 Promote the proper use of antibiotics among breeders and
pet owners through extensive awareness and outreach
campaigns …
STUDY RESULTS RESISTANCE
OF 100 STRAINS OF SALMONELLA
TO ANTIBIOTICS
Produced by
Dr Saliha KECHIH Bounar
Head of Department Bacteriology
Regional Veterinary Laboratory of Tizi Ouzou
INMV
GEOGRAPHIC SITUATION
ZONE OF CHARGES
Zoning LVR Tizi Ouzou
04 Wilayas Centre
:
100 salmonelles & 13 sérotypes
1%
1%
1%
2%
RESULTS PHENOTYPIC VIS-À-VIS ATB
Percentage of sensitive
strains
Percentage of resistant
strains
North America
63% (2004)
(COLEMAN;2006)
Study
53%
Oman
23,7%
AL BAHRY et al ;2007
ATB resistance is common in countries where livestock
production is intensive (HELMUTH ,2002)
100
0
97
3
97
3
97
3
100
0
90
10
100
0
100
0
100
0
100
0
68
32
87
13
100
0
100
0
100
0
99
1
100
0
100
0
100
0
100
0
100
0
100
0
100
0
97
3
0
%S
%R
20
40
60
80
100
120
ATB resistance seen for 8/34 tested belonging to 6 families ATB /
9 tested.
RESISTANCE RESULTING
Antibiotics tested
Quinolones
(Acide nalidixique)
Furanes
Cyclines
Sulfamides
β Lactamines
Ampicilline
Aminosides
(Kanamycine )
Results
study
Result
other works
Canada 1%
47,05%
19,11%
( retirés de la nomenclature depuis
1986 )
14,70%
13,23%
4,41%
1,47%
(NADEAU., 2006)
Pologne 62,7%
(WASYL et al., 2004)
Franc 50% en 2004
(DANAN., 2006)
Allemagne 74,7%
(SCHROETER., 2002)
Canada
36% en 2004
(NADEAU., 2006)
Canada 3% (NADEAU., 2006)
France 2% (BRISABOIS .et al,1997)
ABSENCE OF RESISTANCE
Antibiotics tested
Quinolones de 2eme et 3eme
Génération
Results
study
0%
Result
other works
France 12%
(BRISABOIS .et al ,1997)
Canada 6%
Gentamicine
0%
(NADEAU., 2006)
Allemagne 20,2%
Phénicolés
Polypeptides
0%
0%
entre 2000 et 2001(SCHROETER., 2002)
ALGERIE 0%
(ABOUN, 2006)
Multidrug resistance
16,66%
2 ATB
16,66%
4 ATB
Furanes - Sulfamides
Quinolones - Sulfamides
Sulfamides, Sulfatrimethoprime ,
Triméhoprime et Tétracyclines
50%
3 ATB
β Lactamines , Quinolones , Cyclines
Cyclines, Sulfamides, Sulfatriméthoprime
RESISTANCE TRANSFER BY PLASMIDS
The transfer test was performed on 53 strains resistant to ATB:
11 strains only transferred one or more resistance markers
Strains resistant to nalidixic acid and furans are not transferable:
confirming the chromosome support these resistors;
 The most frequent markers are transferred:
AMP , Te, SXT, SSS et K, touchant surtout la Filière « Avicole Chair »
Le Caractère de résistance aux The strength of character to
tétracyclines a été constaté dans 72,72% des Transconjugants.
Sulfamides : 27,27%
β Lactamines : 27,27%
Aminosides (K) : 9,09%
CONCLUSION
 Over half of the studied strains are resistant to multiple
ATB: Quinolones, Furanes, Cyclines et Sulfamides;
 Presence of multi-resistant to 3 or even 4 ATB;
Absence of resistance :
tCéphalosporines,
 Quinolones (2 et 3 génération)
 Chloramphénicol
 Low rate of resistance : β lactamines et Aminosides.
PUBLICATION MANUELS IPA
PUBLICATION MANUELS INMV
2016
EXTENSION & TRAINING
Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Peach
Program of Technical Assistance and Strengthening
Professional Capacities
National Institute of Veterinary Medicine
Topics :
 Prevention and fight against major diseases in livestock;
 Good practices and Biosafety in breeding;
 Rational use of antibiotics;
 Importance of monitoring the resistance of bacteria to
antibiotics …
 Farmers:
 Official and Private Vets:
 Extension Workers:
1400
800
350