Transcript 12_Clicker_Questions

Chapter 12
DNA Technology
Clicker Questions for use with Classroom Response Systems
Campbell Essential Biology, Fourth Edition
– Simon, Reece, and Dickey
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, Third Edition
– Simon, Reece, and Dickey
Questions prepared by Brad Williamson, updated by Mike Tveten
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Concept Check
Restriction enzymes are useful tools for cutting DNA
fragments. What do you think is the function of
restriction enzymes in their normal bacterial
environment?
a. Restriction enzymes remove and recycle old
mRNAs.
b. Restriction enzymes cut up DNA taken from the
environment and used as a nutrient source.
c. Restriction enzymes remove the excess DNA that
results from DNA replication.
d. Restriction enzymes cut invading viral DNA
sequences at specific sequences, disrupting the
viral DNA genes.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Concept Check
PCR, or polymerase chain
reaction, amplifies target DNA
fragments. This technique takes
place outside of a cell and uses
heat to separate the doublestranded DNA along with which
of the following?
a. restriction enzymes from E. coli
bacteria
b. DNA polymerase isolated from
bacteria from hot springs
c. radioactive probes
d. plasmids from E. coli or other
bacteria
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Interpreting Data
The image to the right represents a
simulated electrophoresis gel run of a
restriction analysis of λ virus DNA.
Both EcoR1 (E) and BamH1 (B) cut λ
DNA into six fragments. Why aren’t the
fragments aligned together on the gel?
a. The enzymes cut at random
sites each time.
b. The enzymes each cut at
unique restriction sites that
create differently sized
fragments.
c. The two enzymes create equalsized fragments but the gel
cannot resolve the difference.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Interpreting Data
The fourth column (H) is λ DNA
cut with HindIII enzyme. It serves
as a ruler to estimate the size of
the other fragments. How long (in
base pairs) do you estimate the
shortest EcoR1 (E) fragment to
be?
a. 2,000 bp
b. 2,300 bp
c. 3,500 bp
d. 4,300 bp
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Interpreting Data
The third column (B/E) was loaded
with λ DNA that was cut with both
EcoR1 and BamH1 enzymes together.
This creates several additional
fragments. Which EcoR1 fragment
does not have a BamH1 cut site?
a. the first fragment from the top
(the largest)
b. the second fragment from the
top
c. the second to the bottom
fragment
d. the bottom fragment (the
smallest)
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Biology and Society
This is a DNA microarray—an incredibly powerful tool to explore gene
expression in cells. Microarrays also have the potential to be used to
diagnose and predict the onset of debilitating diseases such as cancer.
There is much promise for this technology, but who has access to this
information? Assume that the technology exists today that could screen
your specific DNA genome for cancer risk.
In this scenario, do you think that insurance companies would be
justified in requiring a DNA screening for cancer upon application
for health or life insurance?
Strongly
Agree
A.
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B.
C.
D.
E.
Strongly
Disagree
Biology and Society
DNA technology has
revolutionized forensic science.
Some states have required DNA
samples for all convicted felons.
Some consider this to be an
infringement on personal rights
and freedoms. Several unsolved
cases have been solved with this
type of evidence and some
convicted persons have been
exonerated with DNA evidence.
Do you think that states should create and maintain DNA
databases similar to fingerprint databases?
Strongly
Agree
A.
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B.
C.
D.
E.
Strongly
Disagree
Biology and Society
Do a Web search on “Golden
Rice” and you’ll be astounded at
the diversity of opinion and
information on this particular
genetically modified (GM)
organism. Agricultural scientists
are increasingly turning to genetic
engineering to develop new crop
solutions, and yet, around the
world GM crops are not
universally accepted.
Do you think food products that are produced from GM organisms
should be labeled to inform consumers?
Strongly
Agree
A.
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B.
C.
D.
E.
Strongly
Disagree