Transcript HoSD wetlands

Wetlands
Area that has at least one of the
following qualities:
1. at least periodically supports mostly
water loving plants (hydrophytes)
2. at times the soil is too wet to contain
oxygen
3. at some time the soil is saturated or
covered with water
South Dakota
Historically 2.7 million acres
Currently 1.3 - 1.7 million acres
BN
Wetland Functions
1. Ground water recharge
2. Flood control
3. Wildlife Production
4. Endangered species habitat
5. Recreation
6. Animal forage (drinking)
7. Sediment and nutrient regulation
8. Wastewater treatment
Wetland Functions
1. Ground water recharge
Wetland Functions
2. Flood Control
- Holds runoff
Wetland Functions
3. Wildlife production
- Most productive wildlife habitat in SD
- SD is one of the top producers of
waterfowl in the U.S.
Wetland Functions
4. Endangered Species habitat
Dakota skipper
Whooping crane
Wetland Functions
5. Recreation
Wetland Functions
6. Animal forage
Wetland Functions
7. Sediment and nutrient regulation
Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen gas (N2)
Nitrogen fixation
(Nitrogen fixing bacteria)
Plants
Ammonia
(NH3)
Animals
Decomposition
Nitrifying bacteria
Wetland Functions
8. Waste water treatment
• Nitrate/ammonia – Fertilizer/feed lots
– Taken up by plants very easily
– Product of decomposition
• Phosphate – Feed lots
– Bound up in sediments
– Limiting nutrient
• Iron
– Bound in sediments
• Iron, phosphate bound in sediments
– Released in absence of oxygen
Buildup of
(and
of water can result in an
) in a body
die, sink,
&
Decomposition
to
happen
is needed by
in
the lake
High levels of
&
can result in a
“fish kill” because of eutrophication