Transcript protists - District 128 Moodle

 Prokaryotes
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Pro=before
-Karyotes= nut (nucleus)
These cells have no nucleus
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Examples: bacteria
 Eukaryotes
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Eu=good
-Karyote= nut (nucleus)
These cells have membrane bound organelles and a
nucleus
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Examples: protists, animal cells, plant cells, fungi
 Cells that all multicellular structures evolved from
Endosymbiotic model of Eukaryotic cell evolution
 3.8 billion years ago archaebacteria and
eukaryotic cells diverged from the lineage that
led to modern eubacteria
 Oxygen-releasing photosynthetic bacteria
evolved
 Later, oxygenized atmosphere ended further
spontaneous chemical evolution of life
 This atmosphere was a key selection pressure in
the evolution of eukaryotic cells
 Protista=
the very first
Characteristics of Protists
-Mostly unicellular, some multicellular (algae)
-Heterotrophic or autotrophic
-Most live in water or moist soil
-Eukaryotic
-any organism that is not a plant, animal or fungus
 How
they obtain nutrition
 Now they move
 Protozoa=
first animal
 Nutrition: heterotrophs
 How they move:
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Flagella
Pseudopod (false foot)
Cilia (hairs)
Parasitic (need host)
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Zooflagellates
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Movement: flagella
absorb food through membrane heterotrophs or parasites
Single celled
Asexual reproduction
Live in fresh water or salt water
Ciliates
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Movement: cilia
Food: has mouth pore heterotrophs or parasitic
Reproduce: asexual or sexual
Lakes, ponds and oceans
Single celled
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Spore-forming
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Movement: cannot move on their own (parasitic)
Food: heterotrophic and parasitic (hurt their host)
Reproduction: sexual and asexual reproduction with host
Single celled
Carried through water to humans and animals
Amoebas
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Movement: pseudopod (false foot)
Food: engulfs food through endocytosis
heterotrophs
Reproduce: binary fission (asexual)
Live on rocks and algae
Single celled
 Movement:
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none
 Nutrition:
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Decomposers or parasites
 Slime
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Food: decomposers
Live in moist soils
Colonies of single cells that form one multi-celled
organism
Reproduce: asexually
Movement: none
 Water
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molds
molds
Food: parasites or decomposers
Reproduce: sexually and asexually
Movement: flagella
Live in water or moist soil and in hosts
Single celled
 Nutrition:
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mainly autotrophs
 Movement:
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Do not move
 Red
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algae
Movement: None
Multicellular
Live in oceans tropic waters
Autotrophs (photosynthesis)
Reproduce: asexual
 Green
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algae
Movement: none rely on water
Unicellular and multicellular
Live in oceans
Autotrophs (photosynthesis)
Reproduce asexually
 Brown
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algae
Movement: none
Autotrophs (photosynthesis)
Reproduction: asexual
Attached to rocks in water
Live in cooler waters
multicellular
 Diatoms
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Unicellular
Single celled
Reproduce: asexually
Food: autotrophs
Live in salt and fresh water
Movement: most don’t move
 Dinoflagellates
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Food: autotrophs (photosynthesis) few parasites
Movement: flagella
Marine and fresh water
Unicellular
Reproduce asexually
 Euglenoids
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Single celled
Movement: flagella
Reproduce asexually
Food: Heterotrophs, autotrophs, and predators
Fresh or marine water