Transcript The Kingdoms of Life

The Kingdoms
of Life
Kingdom Monera
• Bacteria and the cyanobacteria ("blue-green
algae").
• Single-celled organisms
• Prokaryotic (no nucleus)
– single chromosome
– small ribosomes
– reproduce by simple division
– autotrophic can synthesize their own foods
– heterotrophic digest preformed organic matter.
Monera sp.
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Kingdom Protista
• Protozoa, paramecium, the one-celled algae,
and the slime molds.
• Eukaryotic (have a nucleus)
• Unicellular
– autotrophic or heterotrophic
– nucleus and organelles in their cytoplasm
– multiple chromosomes
– large ribosomes
– reproduce by mitosis (nucleus splits in two)
protista sp.
Kingdom Fungi
• Yeasts, molds, mildews, mushrooms, and
other similar organisms
• Eukaryotic and heterotrophic
• Unicellular to long chains of cells called
filamentous fungi.
• Cell wall contains chitin or cellulose
• Absorbs small molecules of food from the
outside environment.
Fungi sp.
Kingdom Plantae
• Autotrophic
• Multi-cellular
• Cell wall and cell membrane
• Chloroplasts capture sunlight and
convert it to organic matter
(photosynthesis)
Plant Sp.
Kingdom Animalia
• Heterotrophic
• Multi-cellular
• Nervous system
• Tissues
• Mobile
Animal Sp.
Now What?
• Organisms are grouped by
characteristics
–Kingdom Animalia
• Vertebrates (animals w/ back
bones)
• Invertebrates (animals w/o
backbones)
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
Chordates (This means the wolf had a notochord
that developed into its backbone.)
Mammals (This means the wolf has hair, bears live
young, and nurses them with mammary glands.)
Carnivores (This means the wolf is a meat eater.)
Canids (This means the wolf has nonretractable
claws, a long muzzle, and separate toes.)
Canis (This means the wolf is a member of the dog
family.)
lupus (This refers to a particular type of wolf
known as the European wolf.)
Binomial Nomenclature
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Developed by Carlos Linneaus
Identifies an individual species
Latin
First word is the Genus, always
capitalized and in italics
• Second word is the species, always
lower case and in italics
Relatives
• Canis lupus
• Canis familiaris
European Wolf
Common Dog
• Felis tigrina
• Felis domesticus
Tiger
Common cat
Kings Play Cards On Friday,
Generally Speaking.
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Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Classification Quiz
• 1. A feature that distinguishes organisms
from the Kingdom Monera is that their cells
• a. contain specialized organelles.
• b. contain a nucleus.
• c. contain chloroplasts.
• d. lack a nucleus.
• 2. Which of the following statements is true
about the binomial nomenclature system of
classification?
• a. The genus and species names describe a
specific organism.
• b. The category of Kingdom is very specific.
• c. The category of species is very broad.
• d. Three names are needed to correctly
specify a particular organism.
• 3. Which Kingdom contains organisms that
have plant-like and animal-like
characteristics?
• a. Animal Kingdom
• b. Plant Kingdom
• c. Fungi Kingdom
• d. Moneran Kingdom
• 4. Which of the following answers has the
different classification levels in the correct
order from most general to most specific?
• a. Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family,
Genus, species
• b. Order, Family, Genus, species, Class,
Phylum, Kingdom
• c. species, Genus, Family, Order, Class,
Phylum, Kingdom
• d. Kingdom, Phylum, Class, species, Genus,
Family, Order
• 5. Which of the following Kingdom's
members are multicellular AND autotrophic?
• a. Fungi
• b. Animal
• c. Protist
• d. Plant
• 6. Which of the following Kingdom's
members are single celled with a nucleus
AND either autotrophic or heterotrophic?
• a. Fungi
• b. Animal
• c. Protist
• d. Plant
• 7. Which of the following Kingdom's
members are multicellular, mobile, AND
heterotrophic?
• a. Fungi
• b. Animal
• c. Protist
• d. Plant
• 8. The term heterotrophic means– a. the ability to make your own food
– b. the organism must eat food to get energy
– c. the organism has both male and female
reproductive parts
– d. the organism lives in the tropics
• 9. The term autotrophic means– a. the ability to make your own food
– b. the organism must eat food to get energy
– c. the organism has both male and female
reproductive parts
– d. the organism lives in the tropics
• 10. Which of the following examples of
organisms are eukaryotic?
– a. rosemary, horse, jellyfish, mushroom
– b. paramecium, tree, bacteria, mold
– c. algae, e. coli, elephant, giraffe
– d. salmon, horse, tomato, bacteria