Transcript Soil and Its Uses

Agriculture
EEE 105
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/animalbiology/105/
Name: eee105
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Genetically Modified Crops
Genetically Modified Crops
Monsanto
Genetically Modified Crops
e.g. Bt crops
Bacillus thuringiensis
a common soil bacterium
produces an insecticidal protein
long used by organic gardeners
bt gene inserted into crop genomes
64%
Bt corn
24%
2001
The Starlink fiasco
Bt corn
Cry9C protein not digested
is it allergenic?
Bt corn
Bt corn
Taco Bell
Cry9C
Bt corn
Genetically Modified Crops
Genetically Modified Crops
• 1998 European Union bans new GMO
crops
•
“Frankenfoods”
• Japan & South Korea follow
• 10/01 EU requires labeling of GMO crops
• U.S. rejected labeling
Genetically Modified Crops
Bt corn
Is Bt harming good insects?
Genetically Modified Crops
Integrated Pest Management
Integrated Pest Management
understand biology of pest & crop
seek to restrain, not eliminate, pest
combine genetic, chemical,
biological control methods
Integrated Pest Management
Livestock Farming
Factory Farming
a family farm
Factory Farming
• Mega hog farms
• 10 million hogs in North Carolina
• Hog waste lagoons
Factory Farming
a waste lagoon
one mega hog farm produces
as much waste as 12,000 people
a true lagoon
Factory Farming
Factory Farming
Factory Farming
Spills, seepage
Factory Farming
Spills, seepage
Fish kills
Pfiesteria -- the Cell from
Factory Farming
Hell
Spills, seepage
Fish kills
Pfeisteria -- the Cell From Hell
Factory Farming
• 70% U.S. grain production fed to
livestock
• 40% of antibiotic usage is in livestock
feed
• Antibiotic-resistant bacteria evolve in
cattle & dairy industry
• U.S. Hormone-treated beef banned by
Europe
Beef
Factory Farming
Beef
Factory Farming
Cattle Feed lots
Beef
Factory Farming
Grass-fed cattle take 4-5 years to raise
Beef
Factory Farming
Cattle Feed lots
Corn-fed beef
Reach 1200 lbs in 14 months
Beef
Factory Farming
Corn-fed beef
High is saturated fats