Transcript PowerPoint - Bryn Mawr School Faculty Web Pages

Energy FLOWS; Matter CYCLES
You have learned that energy flows in one direction
through an ecosystem and much of the energy
becomes unavailable at each trophic level.
This is not true of essential nutrients (matter).
What would happen if matter was bound in living
matter and never recycled?
Nutrients would eventually be depleted and
life would cease.
What does it mean to say that matter is recycled?
Matter moves from one living thing to another, or to the
abiotic parts of the biosphere and back into the biotic
parts.
Number the steps of the water cycle in the order they occur,
starting with the collection of water in lakes or oceans.
______ 1. Water is absorbed by plants growing in the soil and used for
photosynthesis.
______ 2. Water returns to Earth as rain or snow through the process of
precipitation.
______ 3. Through evaporation, water changes from a liquid to a gas that
becomes part of the air.
______ 4. Through condensation, water in the air changes from a gas to tiny
droplets of liquid.
Water Cycle
Transport
over land
Solar energy
Net movement of
water vapor by wind
Precipitation Evaporation
over ocean
from ocean
Precipitation
over land
Evapotranspiration
from land
Percolation
through
soil
Runoff and
groundwater
Carbon naturally moves to and from various parts of the Earth. This is
called the carbon cycle. Today, however, scientists have found that more
carbon is moving into the atmosphere from other parts of the Earth. It
moves into the atmosphere when fossil fuels, like coal and oil, are
burned. It moves into the atmosphere as humans get rid of forests by
burning the trees.
The carbon in the atmosphere is in molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2).
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases trap heat in the
atmosphere. By increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere, Earth is becoming warmer.
Brainstorm a few ways that CO2 in the atmosphere can be limited.
http://www.carbonfootprint.com/Minimise_cfp.html
Carbon Cycle
CO2 in atmosphere
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
Cellular
respiration
Burning of
fossil fuels Phytoand wood plankton
Higher-level
consumers
Primary
consumers
Carbon compounds
in water
Detritus
Decomposition
Soybean (legume) root nodule
contains nitrogen fixing bacteria
Nitrogen Cycle
N2 in atmosphere
Assimilation
NO3–
Nitrogen-fixing
bacteria
Decomposers
Ammonification
NH3
Nitrogen-fixing
soil bacteria
Nitrification
NH4+
NO2–
Nitrifying
bacteria
Denitrifying
bacteria
Nitrifying
bacteria
Excess phosphates can cause
eutrophication
•
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/19/science/earth/19clean.html?_r=2&scp=1&s
q=navarro%20and%20dish&st=cse
Phosphorus Cycle
Precipitation
Geologic
uplift
Weathering
of rocks
Runoff
Consumption
Decomposition
Plant
uptake
of PO43–
Plankton Dissolved PO43–
Uptake
Sedimentation
Soil
Leaching