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Vocabulary • VD (venereal disease) • STD (sexually transmitted disease) • STI (sexually transmitted infection) Types Of Infection • Bacteria – Infection that CAN be cured. • Antibiotics • Virus – Infection that CANNOT be cured but symptoms can be treated • Other Sexually Transmitted Infections in the United States • There are approximately 18.9 million new cases of STI each year. • 15-24 year olds make up approximately 50% (9 million) of all new cases. • By age 24, at least 1 in 3 sexually active people are estimated to have contracted an STI. Why Are Teens At Higher Risk? • Multiple partners – The younger a teen is when he/she initiates sex, the more partners he/she will have by age 20 • Unprotected intercourse • Pool of diseases in age group • Lack of knowledge • Uncomfortable talking about sex • Abstinence limitations – Reluctant to be prepared • May select partners at high risk and not know • Alcohol and drug use • Lack of insurance or other ability to pay for services/treatment. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) • These slides are very graphic – It is better to see it “up here” than “down there” • Most STI do not look this bad!!! • The most common symptom is ??? – No symptom (Asymptomatic) PUBIC LICE “Crabs” (Parasite) • Signs: – Sometimes the lice are visible – Scabs – Flecks of blood • Symptoms: – Intense itching • Transmitted thru close physical contact or sharing infected clothing/sheets/towels. • Treated with medicated shampoo. TRICHOMONIASIS “TRICH” (Parasite) • Signs – Discharge • Symptoms – Pain • Transmitted – Contact • Treatment – Medication VAGINOSIS (BV) (Bacteria) • Signs – Discharge – Odor • Symptoms – Pain • Transmitted –? • Treatment = Antibiotics CHLAMYDIA (Bacteria) • Most women and some men have NO symptoms! • Most common Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI). • Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex • Teenagers have the highest infection rate. • Treatment = Antibiotics Signs and Symptoms of Chlamydia • #1 Sign and/or symptom is NO sign or symptom! • Symptoms show up 7-28 days after having sex • Burning or pain while urinating • Need to urinate more often • White, watery drip from the penis GONORRHEA (Bacteria) • Most women and some men have NO symptoms! • Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex. • Individuals with gonorrhea often have Chlamydia too! • Treatment = Antibiotics Signs and Symptoms of Gonorrhea • #1 Sign and/or symptom is NO sign or symptom! • Symptoms show up 2-21 days after having sex • Burning or pain while urinating • Need to urinate more often • Thick yellow or white drip from the penis or vagina SYPHILIS (Bacteria) • 3 stages – – – – Stage I = chancre Stage II = rash Latency Period (nothing happens) Stage III = attacks the organs • Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex • Treatment Stage I and II = antibiotics HEPATITIS (Virus) • Many people have NO symptoms! • Hepatitis A – Transmitted thru Fecal/Oral – Vaccine available (2 shot series) • Hepatitis B – Transmitted like HIV – Highly contagious! – Vaccine available (3 shot series) • Hepatitis C – Transmitted like HIV – NO vaccine available HERPES (Virus) • Some people have NO symptoms! • Simplex I = lower viral load, less outbreaks • Simplex II = higher viral load, more outbreaks • Highly contagious when blisters are visible. • Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex. • May also be spread by kissing, sharing straws/cups/lipstick. • NO cure! Signs and Symptoms of Herpes • #1 Sign and/or symptom is NO sign or symptom! • Symptoms show up 1-30 days after having sex • Small, painful blisters on the sex organs or mouth • Itching or burning before the blisters appear • Blisters last 1-3 weeks HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (Virus) • Visible Strands = Genital warts • Invisible Strands = Leading cause of cervical cancer • Highly contagious! • Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex. • Prevention = Gardasil Shot • NO cure! Signs and Symptoms of HPV • #1 Sign and/or symptom is NO sign or symptom! • Symptoms show up 1-8 months after having sex • Small bumpy warts on/around the sex organs and anus • Itching around the sex organs How Can You Protect Yourself? • ABSTINENCE (only 100% way to protect yourself from STI & pregnancy • Talk to your partner • Look CLOSELY at your partner • Use latex or polyurethane condoms “Safer Sex” • Limit your number of sexual partners Testing • To receive services for your sexual health…you must be at least 12 years old. • If you are sexually active you should be tested every six months – Make sure that your partner is tested and treated. – Do not have sex until treatment(s) are complete. • It is important that you ASK to be tested for all sexually transmitted infections (this is not part of a regular exam) • Information on testing: – Valley Teen Community Clinic – Planned Parenthood “There is no way to know who has an STD!” “When you sleep with someone, you sleep with everyone else they’ve slept with!” “See no evil, speak no evil, hear no evil, spread no evil!”