Transcript James R. Baker - OU Supercomputing Center for Education

CHE 5480 Summer 2005
5FG
• Introduction to nanotechnology and
supercomputing.
• Instructors: Lloyd L. Lee ([email protected])
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Gerald K. Newman ([email protected])
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Henry Neeman ([email protected])
• Web page:
coecs.ou.edu/lllee/www/nanocourse2005.html
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Class sponsored by National Science Foundation (CISE/EIA)
Instructors
What to learn:
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Lectures on nanotechnology
Learn high performance computing
Wet labs
Attend nanotechnology meeting
Projects:
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Chemical and biosensors
Nanobiotechnology
Nanostructures and applications:
=dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, zeolites, aerogels,
nanowires, nanoparticles.
Nanofluidics
Nanocomposites (heat management)
Superhydrophobic surfaces—friction/drag reduction
Laboratory-on-a-chip
Homeland security, (others)
Textbook:
• Eric Drexler, "Engines of Creation"
(Anchor Books, 1987)
• Downloadable from Foresight.Org:
• URL http://www.foresight.org/EOC
Web Page
coecs.ou.edu/lllee/www/nano2005.html
Grading:
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Homeworks
Midterm Report
Midterm Presentation
Midterm Exam
Final Report
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No final written test.
10%
20%
10%
20%
40%
Wet Lab:
Nanotechnology Meeting:Houston, Texas, July 28, 2005
James R. Baker Jr.
University of Michigan
Professor, Internal Medicine and
Bioengineering
Chief, Division of Allergy
Director, Center for Biologic
Nanotechnology
Co-Director, Center for
Biomedical Engineering
Biotechnology,
Nanotechnology and
Immunology
Drug Delivery
• Research in the area of autoimmune endocrine
disease. He has helped define the basis of the
autoimmune response to thyroid auto antigens.
Gene Delivery
• Work concerning gene transfer; developing a
new vector system for gene transfer using
synthetic polymers (dendrimers).
Anti-microbial research
• Work on preventing pathogens from entering the
human body. This research project seeks to
develop a composite material that will serve as a
pathogen avoidance barrier and post-exposure
therapeutic agent to be applied in a topical
manner to the skin and mucous membranes.
Drug Delivery by dendrimers
Project called “smart
Bombs”:
Target cancerous cells
and leave the normal
intact.
• Recognition and
diagnosis of cancer
• Drug delivery
• Location of c cells
• Kill by releasing
agents
Drug Delivery by dendrimers
Dendrimers
• Known for several applications
• Able to enter cells
• Little toxicity
Focus:
• High energy lasers or sound wave
energy to trigger the release of the drug
out of the dendrimer.
Antimicrobial Nanoemulsion
• Use of soybean oil
emulsified with surfactants.
Drops ~400 – 600 nm.
• The droplet do not
coalesce with themselves .
High surface tension make
them coalesce with other
lipid droplets, killing
bacteria.
• Safe for external use. Not
safe for red cells, or
sperm.
• The droplets fuse with cell membrane of
microorganisms resulting in cell lysis.
• Very effective in killing:
– Bacteria,
– Bacterial spores,
– Enveloped viruses, and
– Fungal spores.
• They are effective at preventing illness in
individuals, when used both before and after
exposure to the infective agent.
• They could be used:
– Topically,
– As an inhalant.
Antimicrobial Nanoemulsion
• Left: treated with
nanoemulsion,
• Right: untreated.
• The growth of
bacteria colonies
has been eliminated
by treatment with
nanoemulsion.
Gene Transfer
• G-5 dendrimers of
Poly(amidoamine)
• The dendrimer is
acetyladed to increase
solubility.
• Fluorescein is incorporated
onto the dendrimer for
imaging in vivo.
• Folic acid is then
conjugated as targeting
agent.
• The final step is to
conjugate the therapeutic
Gene Transfer
• Into cardiovascular tissues for
treatment.
• Use of dendrimer/DNA complexes
–Uniform size, high density, soluble,
stable.
• Direct injection or intracoronary
delivery.
Enhanced expression of beta-galactosidase in electroporated
nonvascularized grafts.
A. Graft treated as in group 12, Figure 1.
B. Graft treated as in group 4, Figure 1.
(Original magnification
40).