Transcript Milk Production by Country 1995

Milking Equipment
• Calf
• Hand Milking
• Machine Milking
Milking Center
• Stall barn milking
– Bucket
– Dumping or transfer system
– Pipeline
• Milking parlor
– Cost is issue
– Many types
Objectives of the Milking Program
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Maximum letdown and removal
High quality product - avoid contamination
within - bacteria, leukocytes, flavor
outside - bacteria, foreign material
Minimum irritation to the udder, teats,
tissues
• Prevent invasion of organisms
Milking Machine
• Vacuum
• Atmosphere - 14.7 lbs/sq. in.
• Mercury rise 30 in. - barometric
pressure
• Milking machine - 13 to 15 in.
Terminology
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Pulsation ratio
% of time milk phase
% of time rest phase
Desirable 50:50 to 70:30
Pulsation rate
no. of cycles per minute - 50 - 60
Machine Milking System
• Vacuum supply
• negative pressure to remove and move milk - 11 to 14
inches of mercury
• Pump - CFM - 1.5 - 2.0 times calculated need
• Length and diameter of lines 1 - 3”
• No. of units and accessories
• Reserve tank- vacuum resevoir resevoir
• Pulsator - rate and ratio
• Vacuum regulator
• Problems - worn - too small pump, leaks, worn pulsator
,regulator
Proper Milking Procedure
Why?
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Regularity of time and routine
Use strip cup - remove few streams of milk
Pre - dip teats
Wash udder and teats - minimal water
Dry udder and teats
TIMING.....!!!!!!
Shut off vacuum and remove unit when
milk flow
Milking Parlor Issues
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Cost
Type of parlor
Size of parlor
Herd size & expansions
Labor available
Farm location/design/issues
How many parlors?
Always use experts when building or
remodeling!!
Milking Parlor Terminology
• Routine time
• Unit time
– Machine-on-time
– Machine-idle-time
• Operator walking distance
• Throughput
• Automatic milking systems (robotic
milking)
Teat Cups
Milking System
Vacuum
Pump
Pulsator
Reserve
Tank
Claw
To: Bucket, Jar, or
Pipeline
Vacuum
Regulator
vacuum
Milk Tank
CROSS SECTION OF TEAT CUP
Teat Chamber
Stainless Steel
Shell
Pulsation
Chamber
Rubber Liner
Vacuum or
atmosphere
Vacuum
CROSS SECTION OF TEAT CUP
-Pulsator allows air
into chamber
-liner collapses
CROSS SECTION OF TEAT CUP
Liner collapses,
teat stretches
Collapsed liner
massages teat
causes milk flow
to stop
CROSS SECTION OF TEAT CUP
Vacuum removes
air, liner
opens
CROSS SECTION OF TEAT CUP
CROSS SECTION OF TEAT CUP
Milk removed
from teat by
vacuum when
liner is open
CROSS SECTION OF TEAT CUP
CROSS SECTION OF TEAT CUP
Pulsator repeats
process
Milking Parlor Types
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Flat barn
Side opening
Herringbone
Parallel
Polygon
Trigon
Rotary - tandem, herringbone, turnstyle
(parallel)