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PRESENTED BY;
CONTENTS
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MICRO ORGANISMS.
VIRUSES.
BACTERIA .
FUNGUS.
ALGAE.
PROTOZOANS.
AMOEBA ENGULFING A PARAMECIUM.
BACTERIA SHOWING FLAGELLA.
PENICILLIUM GROWING IN AGAR.
SCIENTISTS BEHIND THE SCENES.
Why did I chosen this topic ?
TO RECOGNIZE THE DIFFERENT TYPE OF MICRO
ORGANISMS.
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TO KNOW ABOUT THE STRUCTURE CERTAIN
MICRO ORGANISMS, LIKE VIRUS ,BACTERIA, FUNGUS,
ALGAE &PROTOZOANS.
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TO DEVELOP AWARENESS REGARDING THE
CONTRIBUTIONS OF SCIENTISTS.
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Micro –organisms are northing but
microbes .
They are the smallest living creatures on
the which can survive most temperate
places and coldest point of the earth to
the deepest core and the starting point
of the earth. they are the second living
creatures on earth, which can
reproduce, locomotion , response to
stimulus .
Louis Pasteur
Robert Koch
The pioneers
contributed to the
field of
microbiology.
CLICK HERE.
Joseph Lister
1) VIRUSES
2) BACTERIA
3) FUNGUS
4) ALGAE
5) PROTOZOANS
Viruses are the
smallest micro
organisms which
are having both
living and nonliving characters.
HIV VIRUS
INFLUENZA
VIRUS
TOBACCO
MOSAIC VIRUS
Some of the
diseases caused by
viruses are common
cold , polio, brain
fever , measles ,
AIDS,Influenza etc
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SPIRAL BACTERIA
ROUND SHAPED BACTERIA
They are prokaryotes .They have different
shape .Some of the diseases caused by
bacteria are Tuberculosis ,Leprosy ,A
anthrax ,Cholera,Typhoid.
VIBRIO CHOLERAE
ROD SHAPED BACTERIA
Although many forms of bacteria are not capable of independent movement,
species such as the Salmonella bacterium pictured here can move by means
of fine thread-like projections called flagella. The arrangement of flagella
across the surface of the bacterium differs from species to species; they can
be present at the ends of the bacterium or all across the body surface.
Forward movement is accomplished either by a tumbling motion or in a
forward manner without tumbling.
BREAD YEAST
Bread yeast, or baker’s yeast, is a type of
sac fungus. It reproduces by a process
called budding. Bread yeast causes bread
to rise by releasing carbon dioxide,
which gets trapped in the dough. The
Egyptians were the first to discover that
allowing dough to ferment produced
gases that made bread lighter .
Fungi are made of filamentous tubes called
hyphae. In many species, perforated walls, or
septa, divide the hyphae into cells containing
one or two nuclei. Protoplasm flows through
the opening in the septa to provide the cells
with nutrients, which are stored in the hyphal
walls as glycogen. Hyphae elongate from the
tip. The entire mass of hyphae is collectively
called the mycelium, primary below ground
and secondary above.
Penicillin, probably the best-known antibiotic, is derived from the
mould Penicillium no Tatum, pictured here. It is effective against a
wide range of disease-causing bacteria which it kills directly or by
inhibiting their growth.
Algae grow in moist pleces and fresh water ponds and lakes.Tey produce
organic matter through photosynthesis
SPIROGYRA
GREEN ALGAE
EUGLENA
PARAMECIUM
AMOEBA
AMOEBA
Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites cause
intestinal pain, diarrhea / constipation
(Montezuma's revenge), immune
depression, and skin disorders. It may
also cause liver, brain or other tissue
pathology. It is transmitted through direct
or indirect fecal-oral conta
The euglena is a singlecelled plant-like organism
with a whip-like flagellum
located at one end for
locomotion. Sperm cells of
vertebrates, some
protozoans, and
dinoflagellates, the singlecelled algae responsible for
causing red tides, also
possess a flagellum for
movement.
Ciliated protozoans are singlecelled organisms that are propelled
by minute, hair-like projections
called cilia. In addition to
locomotion, cilia also create
currents that help sweep food
particles into a small depression in
the body surface through which
food is ingested. Ciliated
protozoans can be found in water
or soil and in parasitic or symbiotic
relationships with other organisms.
In soils, ciliated protozoans
function as decomposing
organisms, breaking down organic
matter into substances that can be
used by other organisms.
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Reproduction of an Amoeba
The single-celled amoeba demonstrates a simple method of asexual
reproduction; it divides in half by a process called fission, producing
two smaller daughter cells. After a period of feeding and growth, these
two daughter cells will themselves divide.
Here an amoeba, a singlecelled organism lacking
internal organs, approaches a
much smaller paramecium
and begins to engulf it by
surrounding it with two large
outflowings of its cytoplasm,
called pseudopodia. Once the
paramecium is completely
engulfed, a primitive digestive
cavity, called a vacuole, forms
around it. In the vacuole,
acids break the paramecium
down into chemicals that the
amoeba can diffuse back into
its cytoplasm for
nourishment.