Transcript respiration
CELLULAR RESPIRATION AUTOTROPHS ___________ use energy from sunlight or chemicals to make their own food PHOTOSYNTHESIS ________________ to sunlight traps energy from __________ and make ______________ food (glucose) In the next process, we will learn how glucose is broken down energy by organisms and _______ is stored as _______ ATP in a process called ___________________ CELLULAR RESPIRATION What kind of organisms do this? What kind of organisms do this? plants ______ fungi ______ animals ________ (Including humans _______) bacteria ______ ALL LIVING THINGS NEED ENERGY! How do we get the sugar from the plants? REMEMBER! _______________ HETEROTROPHS get their energy by eating other organisms. We get the energy the plants stored as eating plants directly glucose by _____________ or eating the _________ animals that ate the plants. The “Powerhouse” of the cell that uses glucose to store energy as ATP: mitochondria All organisms (heterotrophs AND autotrophs) energy in food to use the _____________ “charge” up their ATP _______ This process of taking the energy from FOOD (glucose) ATP is to make _____ CELLULAR RESPIRATION ________________ ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate • ATP Structure – Ribose – a 5carbon sugar – Adenine – a Nbase (also in DNA!) – 3 phosphate groups DRAW What Does ATP Do for You? It supplies YOU with ENERGY! How Do We Get Energy From ATP? By breaking the highenergy bonds between the last two phosphate groups CELLULAR RESPIRATION slowly happens __________ many steps in ________________. Listen If all the energy was released in one step… most would be lost as light and heat ____________________! PHOTOSYNTHESIS 6 CO 6H O 2 + _________ 2 ___________ + ___________ C6H12O6 + __________ 6O2 →_______________ WRITE-Very Important! CELLULAR RESPIRATION C6H12O6 + _________ 6 CO2 + __________ 6 H2O + __________ 6O2 →________ _____________ The two equations are exact opposites! ______________________________________________________________ The first step in cellular respiration = __________________ GLYCOLYSIS Glycolysis happens in CYTOPLASM the ________________ outside the mitochondria Aerobic Processes • Requires oxygen. • Most organisms are aerobes. • Equation for Aerobic respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy • Based on this equation – Why do we breathe? Cellular Respiration: An Overview • The process by which cells break down food to form ATP • Two main types – Anaerobic – no oxygen required (only makes 2 ATP) – Aerobic – requiring oxygen (makes 38 ATP) Anaerobic Processes • No oxygen is required for this process. Includes • glycolysis, the breakdown of glucose and • fermentation. Some bacteria and yeast are examples of anaerobes. Anaerobic- ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION Happens when yeast beer ___________ makes ______and wine Anaerobic Respiration in Animals: LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION Happens in muscles during exercise when your body can’t get enough oxygen fast enough. Lactic acid builds up in muscles causing soreness Summary of Cellular Respiration Respiration Process Where Process Occurs Net Gain of ATP Per Glucose Cytoplasm 2 ATP Cytoplasm & Mitochondrion 38 ATP Anaerobic Aerobic