Transcript Disaccharides

Disaccharides
Disaccharides
Disaccharides - Maltose
• Glucose + glucose; alpha acetal linkage
Lactose
Lactose
• Galactose + glucose; beta acetal linkage
Sucrose
Sucrose
• Glucose + fructose; alpha acetal linkage
Sucrose
Polysaccharides
Polysaccharides
Starch and amylopectin
• Alpha acetal linkage
Starch and amylopectin
• Alpha acetal linkage
Starch and amylopectin
• Alpha acetal linkage
Cellulose
• Beta acetal linkages; Plant structures
Cellulose
• Beta acetal linkages; Plant structures
Glycogen
• Alpha acetal linkages; mammal storage form
Blood Glucose Test
• Oxidation of aldehyde --> acid
Starch Iodine Test
• Iodine goes into the spiral of starch
Sugar and Tooth Decay
• Bacteria hydrolyze sucrose to fructose and
polymerize the glucose to stick to enamel.
High Fructose Corn Syrup
• Starch hydrolyzed, glucose isomerized to fructose
High Fructose Corn Syrup
• Starch hydrolyzed, glucose isomerized to fructose
Sugar and Sweetners
• Aspartame Synthesis: Ester and Amide
Sugar and Sweetners
• Aspartame and Sweetness Receptor Site
Sugar and Sweetners
• Aspartame and Sweetness Receptor Site
Sugar and Sweetners
• Saccharin or Sweet’N Low - 1907
Sugar and Sweetners
• Cyclamate - 1970 banned from use - caused
bladder cancer in rats.
Sugar and Sweetners
• Sucralose or Splenda - can be used in cooking
Sugar and Sweetners
• Acesulfame-K - also known as Sunette, Sweet
One, Sweet 'n Safe