Transcript Intro to Biology

Introduction to Biology
Unit 4
WARM UP:
• Start a new Table of Contents –
“Biology: Part 1 Molecular Biology”
Date
2/2 &
2/3
Session
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1
Activity
Introduction to Biology Note Guide
Page
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1
BIOLOGY
• BIO= Life
• OLOGY= study of
• BIOLOGY = Study of Life!
5 Characteristics of Living
Things:
Organized structure
Made of cells!
 Grow and Develop
 Respond to Environment
 Reproduce*
Need/use energy
Quick Comprehension !
• Remember…to be
considered alive,
something must meet ALL
5 of the characteristics
on the previous slide!
• Test your skills on the
next 5 slides…
1. Living or Nonliving?
2. Living or Nonliving?
3. Living or Nonliving?
4. Living or Nonliving?
5. Living or Nonliving?
Did You Answer Correctly?
1. Tree = Living
2. Fire = Non-living
3. Cell phone = Non-living
4. Clouds = Non-living
5. Water = Non-living
Some of these items meet some of the
characteristics…but only #1 meets all 5!
Let’s Start With
Organized Structure…
Organism- A living thing made up of AT
LEAST one cell (most have many cells)
Wait a Minute!....What‘s a cell???
What is a Cell?
Cell- the smallest unit of any living thing
2 Types of Organisms:
One Cell or Many Cells?
Unicellular
• Organisms made up
of only ONE cell
• Examples: bacteria,
some protists
Multicellular
• Organism made up
of MANY cells
• Examples: plants,
animals, humans
OK…The Truth About
Cells:
• The reason cells are important to life is
summarized in the Cell Theory:
1.Every living thing is made of one or more cells.
2.Cells carry out the functions needed to
support life.
3.Cells can only come from other living cells.
Cell Theory: Example
1. Every living thing is
made up of one or
more cells.
A polar bear is a
multicellular organism.
400x
2. Cells carry out the functions
needed to support life.
Every type of cell has a different
function, for example fat cells
provide extra energy as well as
insulation.
3. Cells come only
from other living
cells.
Each polar bear cub
began as a single cell.
That single cell split
into 2, those 2 split into
4 and so on…
Quick Comprehension!
• See if you can answer the
following without
looking at your notes or
the previous slides!
1. Quick Comprehension
!
• What Is Biology ?
2. Quick Comprehension
!
• What determines
if something is
living?
3. Quick Comprehension
!
•What’s a cell ?
4. Quick Comprehension
!
• What is this cell
theory and why
do I care?
5. Quick Comprehension
!
•What are the 2
types of
organisms?
Did You Answer Correctly?
1. Biology = the study of life!
2. 5 characteristics of a living thing: organized
structure (made of cells), grow & develop, responds
to environment, reproduces, need/use energy
3. Cell = the smallest unit of any living thing
4. Cell Theory = Every living thing is made of one or
more cells, cells carry out the functions needed to
support life, cells can only come from other living
cells AND because you are made of cells…duh.
5. 2 types of organisms: unicellular & multicellular
Guess What?
There Are Also 2 Types of Cells!
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
2 Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell
• HAS A NUCLEUS
• NO NUCLEUS
• EXAMPLE: plant and
animal cells (multicellular
• EXAMPLE: bacteria
cells (unicellular organisms
organisms have this type of cell)
have this type of cell)
Nucleus
What is the exception to the rule?
Exception to the Rule
Protists!
• You should remember them from
7th grade…amoeba, euglena,
volvox, paramecium etc.
• They can be unicellular and
eukaryotic
Quick Comprehension !
• Determine whether the next 8
examples are:
– unicellular or
multicellular AND
– prokaryotic or eukaryotic.
• Helpful Hint: You should
review the characteristics of
both before you start!
1. Unicellular or
Multicellular?
E. Coli
Bacteria Cell
Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?
2. Unicellular or
Multicellular?
Human
Red
Blood
Cells
Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?
3. Unicellular or
Multicellular?
Fungi Cell
Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?
4. Unicellular or
Multicellular?
Human
Cheek Cells
Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?
5. Unicellular or
Multicellular
Onion Root
Cells
Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic
6. Unicellular or
Multicellular?
Spiral
Bacteria
Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?
7. Unicellular or
Multicellular
Leaf Cells
Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?
8. Unicellular or
Multicellular
Protists
Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?
Did You Answer Correctly?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E. coli bacteria cells = unicellular, prokaryotic
Human red blood cells = multicellular, eukaryotic
Fungi cell = multicellular, eukaryotic
Human cheek cells = multicellular, eukaryotic
Onion root cells = multicellular, eukaryotic
Spiral bacteria cells = unicellular, prokaryotic
Leaf cells = multicellular, eukaryotic
Protists = unicellular, eukaryotic (remember, they are the
exception to the rule!)
If you are having trouble with this be sure to ask next class!!
Tie It Together…What Do
All Cells Need?
• Regardless if an organism is unicellular
or multicellular – prokaryotic or
eukaryotic…what do they all need to
function????
ENERGY!!!!
Where Do They Get Their
Energy?
It Depends…
Animal Cells – consume food and their cells
create energy through the process of
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Plant Cells – use the sunlight and their cells
convert it into energy through the process
of PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Extra Credit Opportunity
• Discovery of Cells: 10 points
• Research the following information and write a well
crafted paragraph about it:
– When was the microscope invented?
– Who invented the microscope?
– When was the first cell discovered?
– Who discovered it?
– Add 2 additional facts that you found that
support this topic and its importance to the field
of biology