Transcript Reasons for the discovery of diseases

 starter activity
Angry germ!
In the centre of the
room are cards relating
to the discovery of
Germ Theory. Get
yourself into teams of
6. Each team captain
should then find 6
different cards, take
them back to their team
and organise themselves
in chronological order
as quickly as possible.
If any team has less
than 6 they will have a
10 second head start.
 Aims
How important was
Robert Koch?
To understand the importance of
Robert Koch in developing ways to
study germs
 Your task
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Either read or listen
to the interview
with Robert Koch.
p. 128.
Try to guess what
question he was
asked each time.
 Your task
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What answer do you think Koch would give to
these questions:
What is your greatest achievement?
How will your research help people find cures
for disease?
What was the most important factor in your
success?
Koch’s greatest achievement
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Identified the bacterium caused anthrax
Other bacteria, e.g. typhoid, TB, cholera identified in
same way
Developed a technique to cultivate bacteria and used
dyes to make them visible
How Koch’s research will help find
other cures
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Developed a technique
for identifying and
testing the presence of
germs over several
generations of animals
Created a better medium
for growing bacteria –
solid medium in Petri
dishes
Used a purple stain to
identify the bacteria
Secret of his success
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Built on previous knowledge
(Pasteur & Co.)
Repeated experiments to
check results (through 20
generations of mice)
Improved testing technology,
e.g. developing cultures &
dyes
Received government
funding
Work with a team of
bacteriologists
Robert Koch, German scientist
in his laboratory
 Your task
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Read pp. 130-1 very carefully.
What factors led to the development of the new
vaccinations?
Design your own germ and draw it in the centre of
your page. Around it create a spider diagram identifying
the reasons why diseases were discovered at this time.
Include the following categories: observation, new
technology, medical knowledge, research teams,
individual genius, chance, governments, warfare, other
reasons
Reasons for the discovery of diseases
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Observation – P conducted experiments using
sterile flasks in different locations, identifying
that particles in air caused decay
New technologies – K developed better ways of
growing bacteria & stains to identify them; P &
K used new microscope developed by Lister
Medical Knowledge – P called his method of
immunising chickens against cholera
‘vaccination’ after Jenner
Reasons for the discovery of diseases
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Research teams – P used teams of vets &
doctors; K used teams of bacteriologists
Individual genius – P said, ‘chance favours the
mind which is prepared’; he built on Jenner’s
work
Chance – chicken cholera solution left exposed
showed that germs were weakened by exposure
to air
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Governments – P received money from French
govt
Warfare - rivalry between Fr & Germany
spurred on new discoveries
Other reasons – better communications;
pressure to improve agriculture led to anthrax
vaccine
 Plenary
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What do you think was the most important
factor contributing to the development of germ
theory?
 Homework
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Use your spider diagram to write an essay of 1
side of A4 in answer to this question:
“Why were the causes of disease finally
discovered in the 1860s and 1870s?”
Remember to include an introduction, use topic
paragraphs and reach a conclusion.
Use detailed evidence from p.128-132.
Avoid telling the story, but identify factors
 Extension task
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Visit the History Learning website to find out
more about Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur.
Write an imaginary interview with Pasteur