Transcript Ecology Lesson part 1 Terminology

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Ecology
 The study of the relationship between organisms and
their environment
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Environmental Factors
 Biotic: are living or were once living
 Abiotic: never living
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Biotic or Abiotic?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Bacteria
Dead fish
Heat
Zooplankton
Carrots
Energy
Corn
Rat
Photosynthesis
Rock
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Phytoplankton
Nitrogen
Temperature
Dead flowers
Hamburger
Sunshine
Symbiotic Relationships
 Commensalism: One species
benefits, one is unharmed
 Mutualism: both species benefit
 Parasitism: one species benefits,
one is harmed or dies
 Parasite feeds on host
 Host: where Parasite lives
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Examples of Symbiotic
Relationships
 Example 1:
A bird builds its nest in a tree. The tree offers
protection and support for the nest. The nest causes
no harm to the tree.
 Example 2:
A mosquito bites you. The mosquito gets nutrients
from you. Your mosquito bite itches.
Examples of Symbiotic
Relationships
 Example 3:
A harmless bacteria lives in human intestine. The
bacteria produces vitamin B-12 for the human. The
human provides and place to live and food to eat.
 Example 4:
Max, a Rottweiler, is infested with fleas. The fleas feed
on Max. This makes Max sad.
Examples of Symbiotic
Relationships
Mutualism
Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism
Commensalism
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Examples of Symbiotic
Relationships
Commensalism
Parasitism
Mutualism
Mutualism
Parasitism
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Producer
 Performs photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight → 6O2 + C6H12O6
 Sun is the source of all energy
 Example: Phytoplankton (drifting producer)
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Consumer
 Performs respiration
6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
 Example: Zooplankton (drifting consumer)
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Types of Consumers
• Carnivore: eats only meat
• Herbivore: eats only plants
• Omnivore: eats both plants and meat
Predator – hunts prey [ is a Carnivore]
Prey – hunted for food [is an Herbivore or Carnivore]
NOTE: Vegetarians are omnivores, not herbivores.
(Vegetarians choose to not eat meat, herbivores cannot
digest meat)
Examples of Consumers
 Predator: hunts prey
 Scavenger: feeds on already dead animals
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Predator
Prey
Relationships
Predator: hunts other consumers for food
Prey – hunted and eaten by predators
This relationship is important b/c it keeps animal populations in
an area at a healthy level; decreases overpopulation.
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Decomposer
 Breaks down dead organisms
 Bacteria and Fungi
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Food Chain
 A series of producers
and consumers – step
by step up the food
pyramid
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Food
Web
 Numerous
interconnected
food chains in
a biome
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