Transcript C4 Chemical Patterns - Trinity School Nottingham

Chemical Patterns
Revision
Atomic Structure
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Atoms consist of protons, neutrons and
electrons.
Each element has a different number of
protons.
The number of protons and electrons is the
same in an atom.
Elements are arranged in order in the
periodic table.
All elements in the same group have the
same number of electrons in the outer
shells.
All elements in the same period fill a shell
with electrons.
Group 1 – Alkali Metals
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Lithium<Sodium<Potassium
React with water produce hydrogen
and alkaline hydroxides.
React with chlorine to produce
crystalline salts.
Understand that some chemicals are
harmful and precautions should be
taken.
Formulae and Equations
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Know the formulae for Hydrogen,
water, halogens and group 1 halides
and hydroxides.
Write balanced equations.
Using state of matter symbols, g,s,l,aq
Group 7 - Halogens
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Recognise symbols and molecules of
group 7 halogens.
Recall colours and physical states of
the halogens.
Recall that halogens are bleaches and
kill bacteria.
Fluorine>chlorine>Bromine>Iodine
Safety precautions when handling
halogens.
Spectra
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Elements emit distinctive colour and
spectra.
This can be used to identify or
discover elements.
Some elements would not have been
discovered but for the use of spectra.
Ionic Theory
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Compounds of group 1 and group 7
elements are ionic.
Their ions are arrange in a giant ionic
lattice.
When molten or dissolved in water,
ionic compounds of metals with nonmetals conduct electricity.
Their ions are free to move when
liquid.
Ions
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An ion is an atom that has gained or
lost an electron.
Work out the charge on an ion based
on the chemical formula and vice
versa.