Transcript Global Team Meeting Leiden 2013-09

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS):
Adopting the Hierarchical Classification for
Managing the Catalogue of Life
16-17 September 2013
Thomas M. Orrell and Dave Nicolson
National Museum of Natural History
Smithsonian Institution
Summary of rank changes (above family) needed to adopt new Hierarchical
Classification in ITIS. New ranks in blue
Kingdom ARCHAEA (to be split from Monera in ITIS)
(K, P, C, O, F)
Kingdom BACTERIA (to be split from Monera in ITIS)
(K, SubK, P, SubP, C, O, F)
Kingdom PROTOZOA
(K, SubK, InfraK, P, SubP, InfraP, SuperC, C, SubC, SuperO, O, F)
Kingdom CHROMISTA
(K, SubK, InfraK, Div, SubDiv, InfraDiv, SuperC, C, SubC, InfraC, SuperO, O, F)
Kingdom FUNGI
(K, SubK, Div, SubDiv, C, SubC, O, F)
Kingdom PLANTAE
(K, SubK, InfraK, SuperDiv, Div, SubDiv, SuperC, C, SubC, SuperO, O, F)
Kingdom ANIMALIA
(K, SubK, InfraK, SuperP, P, SubP, InfraP, SuperC, C, SubC, InfraC, SuperO, O, F)
Kingdom ARCHAEA (to be split from Monera in ITIS)
(K, P, C, O, F)
Kingdom BACTERIA (to be split from Monera in ITIS)
(K, SubK, P, SubP, C, O, F)
Recommendation: Status Quo
Action: Updated with Taxonomic Outline of Bacteria and Archaea (TOBA) 7.7 (Garrity et al.,
2007) and panel recommendations
Status: Workbench file development completed and awaiting proofing. File includes all
panel recommendations and all bacteria from DSMZ Bacterial Nomenclature Up-to-date as of
July 2012 and integrated into new hierarchy.
Kingdom PROTOZOA
(K, SubK, InfraK, P, SubP, InfraP, SuperC, C, SubC, SuperO, O, F)
Recommendation: Choose a ranked interim classification based mainly on work of Cavalier-Smith,
collaborators, and peers
Action: Follow recent publications by Cavalier-Smith & collaborators, and peers (2010-2013)
Status: ITIS will adopt fully the panel recommendations
Kingdom CHROMISTA
(K, SubK, InfraK, Div, SubDiv, InfraDiv, SuperC, C, SubC, InfraC, SuperO, O, F)
Recommendation: Follow Cavalier-Smith & Chao (2006) for Cryptista and Heterokonta, Anderson (2004)
for Haptophyta, Cavalier-Smith and van der Hayden for Heliozoa (2007)
Action: Follow above publications; also Lee et al. (2000), Lynn (2002), AlgaeBase (2013),
inter alia
Status: ITIS will adopt fully the panel recommendations
Kingdom FUNGI
(K, SubK, Div, SubDiv, C, SubC, O, F)
Recommendation: Index Fungorum should be informed by James et al. (2006), and consequently AFTOL
Action: Follow Kirk et al. (2008) - Dictionary of Fungi and recent updates; also CavalierSmith for placement of Microsporidia
Status: ITIS will adopt fully the panel recommendations
Kingdom PLANTAE
(K, SubK, InfraK, SuperDiv, Div, SubDiv, SuperC, C, SubC, SuperO, O, F)
Recommendation: Adopt a pragmatic phylum-level classification similar to that in Cavalier-Smith (1998).
Action: Follow Cavalier-Smith (1998), Chase & Reveal (2009), Goffinet & Shaw (2009),
Stevens (2013), Christenhusz et al. (2011), Algaebase (2013) and Yoon (2006)
Status: ITIS has fully adopted recommendations and updated hierarchy are now available
online.
Kingdom ANIMALIA
(K, SubK, InfraK, SuperP, P, SubP, InfraP, SuperC, C, SubC, InfraC, SuperO, O, F)
Classification largely follows Brusca and Brusca (2003) with some modifications.
Recommendations:
Consider combining Acanthocephala, Rotifera, & Gnathostomulida into a single phylum Gnathifera, and proper placement of Micrognathozoa
Action: Acanthocephala, Rotifera, & Gnathostomulida retained as and Micrognathozoa elevatied to phylum-level
Seek a synthesis for Arthropoda reflecting most highly regarded schemes for constituent subphyla and classes
Action: New arthropod classification largely follows synthesis in Zhang (2011 & 2013)
Abandon Phylum Cephalorhynca and treat Kinorhyncha, Loricifera, Priapulida, and Nematomorpha as separate phyla
Action: Cephalorhyncha abandoned and Kinorhyncha, Loricifera, Priapulida, and Nematomorpha treated as separate
phyla
Subsume current Phylum Myxozoa into Phylum Cnidaria
Action: Myxozoa treated as subphylum of Cnidaria
Review asteroid classification
Action: Echinoderm classification reviewed and revised
Abandon Ectoprocta and Entoprocta in favor of Bryzoa and Kamptozoa, respectively
Action: Ectoprocta and Entoprocta abandoned in favor of Bryzoa and Kamptozoa, respectively
Use Nematoda instead of Nemata as the phylum-level name
Action: Nematoda used as phylum-level name
Seek advice to update classification of Platyhelminthes
Action: Classification updated following Tyler et al. (2012)
Include new phylum Xenoturbellida
Action: New phylum Xenacoelomorpha added, including Xenoturbellida as a subphylum
Status: ITIS is in the process of updating Animalia in multiple workbench files, based on size
of phyla and dependents. The kingdom-to-class portion of the new Hierarchical Classification
has been merged into each of these files to ensure that everything down to AT LEAST class
rank has been fully reconciled…
The termite
families folded
into Blattodea,
under Blattoidea
'Ectoprocts' are now
recast as Bryozoa
More
higher
level
shifts…
Groups from the last
two slides as closed
nodes on slide to right,
which shows the notquite-finished reconcile
of the Polychaeta &
Echiura placement,
along with the rest of
the annelids & related
groups. Wrestling with
groups shifting rank
and sometimes also
composition and/or
names of subgroups
makes it somewhat
tricky! (But we are
professionals
)
Here's an unfortunate
group of hooligans,
most of all of which will
need to be booted off
to other kingdom(s)
workbench files!
Most of the
Radiata, having
come together including some of
the Myxozoa that
used to be mixed
in with the group
from the last
slide
We will need to make
changes to the ITIS
Online Taxonomic
Workbench, the
desktop Taxonomic
Workbench, the
online system and
possibly some of our
online tools to
account for new and
changed ranks before
all changes can be
fully adopted.
Families of All Living Organisms (FALO)
The Global Genome Initiative (GGI) http://www.mnh.si.edu/ggi/ is a collaborative effort to create a solid
foundation for genomic research through a global network of biorepositories and research organizations.
GGI needs a hierarchical classification for managing the names of families of all living organisms and for a
top-down gap analysis. The FALO classification will build upon the work already completed to the ordinal
level by the Catalogue of Life.