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ECONOMIC MICRO-ECONOMIC USES OF ORGANISMS ABBOTTS COLLEGE ECONOMIC USES OF BACTERIA 2 Degrade herbicides Neutralise toxic waste in soil Herbicides are chemicals which kill weeds Bacteria clean contaminated groundwater E.g. oil and diesel Synthesize riboflavin One of the Vitamin B’s 3 ECONOMIC USES OF BACTERIA 4 Separate the fibres of jute, hemp and flax in the making of ropes an sacks Hemp fibre Flax ECONOMIC USES OF BACTERIA 5 Biological pest control E.g. control of moth caterpillars Replace pesticides Have no effects on humans and most other beneficial insects ECONOMIC USES OF BACTERIA 6 Decompose sewage waste to harmless sludge 7 ECONOMIC USES OF BACTERIA 8 Food production E.g. making cheese 9 ECONOMIC USES OF BACTERIA 10 Make probiotics Dietary supplements which contain beneficial bacteria that will assist digestion E.g. Lactobacillus and Bifido bacterium 11 ECONOMIC USES OF ALGAE 12 Seaweed extracts include: Phycocolloids found in algal cell walls have gelling properties Used as gelling agents in food products e.g. instant puddings and also in cosmetics, medical drugs and insecticides Thickening and stabilizing agents e.g. dairy products, artificial dairy toppings and canned pet food To make agar plates used in laboratories for culturing bacteria agar plate ECONOMIC USES OF ALGAE 13 Seaweed extracts include: Plant growth regulators which control growth and development of plants Iodine from kelp can be included in mineral salt tablets Natural pigments can be used as an alternative to chemical dyes and colouring agents Nutrient extracts used in plant fertilizers ECONOMIC USES OF ALGAE Nori 14 Some seaweed is cultivated as a crash crop E.g. Nori used in Sushi rolls Excellent source of minerals and vitamins Freshly harvested kelp is used to feed cultured abalone kelp Nutritional supplements can be made from cultivated algae abalone ECONOMIC USES OF ALGAE 15 Diatomaceous earth A fine sediment from the walls of dead diatoms Used in toothpaste, sink cleaners and polishes with low abrasive properties Crude oil and natural gas are the remnants of photosynthetic products of ancient algae Oil producing algae are being grown as a potential alternative to fossil fuels ECONOMIC USES OF ALGAE 16 Seaweeds have the potential to contribute to sustainable employment opportunities and socioeconomic up-liftment South Africa has an advantage when it comes to the marketing of seaweed and its products because our coasts are pollution free and we have a high biodiversity of seaweeds ECONOMIC USES OF FUNGI 17 As a direct food source e.g. mushrooms For the production of biological products such as: Alcohols Plant growth regulators for plant and fruit development Enzymes E.g. cellulases for industrial use and proteases – the active ingredient of detergents proteases ECONOMIC USES OF FUNGI 18 To produce drugs E.g. antibiotics to fight bacterial and fungal diseases – penicillin Penicillin is one of the most well-known and widely used antibiotics ECONOMIC USES OF FUNGI 19 To produce drugs Drugs to control haemorrhage after birth e.g. ergometrine Drugs to control cholesterol levels and ward off coronary heart disease e.g. statins ECONOMIC USES OF FUNGI 20 For fermentation processes In the making of yoghurt, maas, bread, beer and wine 21 THE END