Transcript Structure of a Virus vs. Bacterium

Virus
vs.
Bacterium
MT: Immune System
Vs.
Characteristics of a Virus
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3 different shapes (spherical, rod,
icosahedral)
microscopic; 1/100 size of bacterium
Has genetic material (DNA or RNA)
Surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid
No nucleus
Proteins on outside to communicate to other
cells
3 Shapes of a Virus
Spherical
Rod
Icosahedral
Guess their shape:
adenovirus
HIV
T4 phage
Chicken
pox
H1N1
Herpes
Treatment of a Virus
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Antiviral drugs: can stop
transcription of viral
proteins
Vaccine
Wait for body to produce
antibodies
Reproduction of a Virus
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Cannot reproduce without a host
Uses a host cell to go through
transcription and translation
Lytic or Lysogenic cycles (next slide)
Lytic Cycle
Lysogenic Cycle
Virus inserts genes into
cell’s genes
Virus inserts genes into
cell’s genes
Transcription/translation
occurs in cell to make viral
proteins
Cell can multiply and
incorporate viral genes into
new cells
Cell lyses (splits) and
viruses released to infect
other cells
Viral genes stay dormant in
new cells but change in
environment can cause lytic
cycle to begin
Shapes of a Bacterium
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100 x bigger than virus
3 different shapes
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cocci (spherical)
bacilli (rod),
spirilla (spiral)
Guess their shape:
Salmonella
E. Coli
streptococcus
Characteristics of a Bacterium
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No nucleus
Genetic material (DNA or RNA)
floats in cytoplasm
Have a cell wall
May have flagella to move around
Proteins on outside to
communicate with other cells
Treatment of Bacteria
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Antibiotic drugs: destroy the cell membrane
of bacterium
Reproduction of Bacteria
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Binary Fission:
making a clone
Conjugation: tube
from one bacterium
inserts genes into
other bacterium
Spores: tiny dormant
seeds
C/C Virus v. Bacterium using:
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Shapes
Genetic material
Size
Contents inside
Protection from outside
How communicate with other cells