Transcript Notes #2: Sustaining Aquatic Biodiversity

Important reminders
• Your fieldwork hours and write ups are
due TODAY.
• For Period 6 only, tomorrow is the last
day to turn in make up work. For
period 5, deadline is today.
• If you have any discrepancies /
questions about your grade, come see
me tomorrow during nutrition or lunch.
Notes #2: Sustaining
Aquatic Biodiversity
Chapter 12
I. Case Studies
• A. Lake Victoria
• Originally - huge amounts of
biodiversity
• Loss in Biodiversity
• Introduction of Nile Perch
• Algal blooms, water hycinths
increase due to fertilizer runoff eutrophication
• B. Florida Everglades
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Nutrient pollution
Channelization, concrete
Canals & levees
US Army Corps of Engineers - 30 yrs, $8.4 billion
Trying to reverse all of these
C. Eutrophication
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1) high nitrate / phosphate levels (fertilizer)
2) increase in aquatic producers (algae)
3) nitrate & phosphate levels drop
4) light blocked out
5) algae die
6) bacteria decompose (eat) dead algae
7) bacteria respire and remove oxygen from
water
• 8) respiring organisms don’t have enough
oxygen and die
II. Human Impacts
• A. Overfishing
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1) drift net:
• huge, weighted nets hang
2,500 m
• Catch more than target
fish
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2) trawler fishing
• huge, weighted nets
dragged
• Damage ocean floor
• B. Pollution
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1) nitrogen = eutrophication
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2) trash, plastics, mercury etc.
• C. Invasive Species
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1) Nile Perch in Lake Victoria
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2) Zebra Mussels in Great Lakes
• D. Habitat Loss
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1) Coral reefs
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2) Everglades
III. Solutions
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A) Integrated Coastal management
Communities
Identify problems / goals
Develop solutions
B)Marine Sanctuaries
Marine protected areas
• Legal
• CITES & Endangered Species Act
• Marine Mammal Protection Act
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Maximum Sustainable Yield
Freduce fishing subsidies
Consumer info (label)
Bycatch
• Wide meshed nets, escape devices
• Aquaculture
• Fish farms, herbivorous, control pollution
• Ballast
• Kill, filter, dump
Time for Quiz #5
• Clear your desks of everything except
for a pen or pencil.
• Two forms.
• Please alternate forms.
• You may write directly on the sheet.
• You have the rest of the period.