Transcript Review Part 2

th
5
Grade MidYear Science
Review, Part 2
5.5A Classify matter based on physical properties including
mass, magnetism, physical state, relative density, solubility
in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy
or electric energy.
• All our physical world is made of matter.
• Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
• Matter can be classified according to its physical
properties:





Magnetism (attracted to a magnet)
Physical state (solid, liquid, or gas)
Relative density (sink or float)
Solubility in water (can dissolve)
Ability to conduct or insulate thermal
energy or electric energy
Solid
Liquid
Gas
5.5B Identify the boiling and freezing/melting
point of water on the Celsius scale.
All pure substances have their own characteristic
boiling, melting and freezing points. These are
characteristics of the pure substance that remain
constant.
 Melting point is the temperature at
which a substance changes from a
solid to a liquid.
 Boiling point is the temperature at
which a liquid changes to a gas.
 Freezing point is the temperature at
which a liquid changes to a solid.
Freezing
Melting
5.5B Identify the boiling and freezing/melting
point of water on the Celsius scale.
The table below explains changes in state for water:
Change of State
Name
Solid  Liquid
Liquid  Solid
Melting
Freezing
Liquid  Gas
Gas  Liquid
Boiling
Condensing
Temperature for
Water
0°C
100°C
5.5C Demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical
properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and
sand.
• A mixture is a combination of two or more ingredients where
no new substance is formed.
• Solids, liquids, and gases can be combined to form mixtures.
• When you create a mixture, the ingredients keep all or some
of their physical properties.
• A solution is a special kind of mixture where the particles of at
least one ingredient spread out evenly in the other ingredient.
In a solution, one ingredient can dissolve in another. The
ingredients still maintain their physical properties.
Mixture
Solution
5.5C Demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical
properties of their ingredients such as iron filings and
sand.
• The ingredients in a mixture can be separated out by
physical methods.
• There are different methods you can use to separate the
ingredients in a mixture:
 By hand: some mixtures, such as trail
mix, can be easily separated by using
fingers or tools like toothpicks.
 Magnetism: if one of the ingredients is
magnetic, you can use a magnet to
Trail Mix
separate the materials.
Magnetism
5.5D Identify changes that can occur in the physical
properties of the ingredients of solutions such as
dissolving salt in water or adding lemon juice to water.
• There are different methods you can use to separate the
ingredients in a mixture:
 Filter: if the ingredients have
particles that are different sizes,
or one ingredient is a liquid and
the other is a solid, you can pour
the mixture over a filter or
screen. One ingredient will pass
through the filter, but not the
other.
 Boiling/Evaporating: if the
mixture has a solid dissolved in
water, you can wait for the water
to evaporate or boil the water.
The water will change to vapor,
but the solid will remain behind.
5.5D Identify changes that can occur in the physical
properties of the ingredients of solutions such as
dissolving salt in water or adding lemon juice to water.
• A solution is a special kind of mixture in
which the particles in one ingredient
spread out and mix evenly among the
particles in the other ingredient.
• For example, when sugar dissolves in
water, the sugar breaks down into tiny,
tiny particles. The sugar particles are so
small that we cannot even see them.
Those particles spread out between the
water particles. It seems like the sugar
disappears, but it doesn’t. We know it’s
still there because the water now tastes
sweet.
• Sugar can be separated from the water.
One way is to put a stick in a sugar-water
solution. As the water evaporates, sugar
particles stick to the stick. Eventually,
the particles will form crystals around the
stick.
5.5A; 5.5B; 5.5C; 5.5D
Answer
questions
12-14 on the
review
sheet.
5.6A Explore the uses of energy, including
mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound
energy.
• Energy is all around us.
Light
• You see energy as light
light; you
feel energy as heat
heat; you use
Thermal
electrical energy; you see
and feel the heat and light
from solar energy; you hear
energy as sound
sound.
Electrical
• Energy is the ability to do
work or cause changes in
matter.
Solar energy
5.6B Demonstrate that the flow of
electricity in circuits requires a
complete path through which an
electric current can pass and can
produce light, heat, and sound.
• Electricity is a form of energy made
by fast-moving particles.
• Electricity flows through materials
called conductors. Most metals are
good conductors of electricity.
5.6B Demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits
requires a complete path through which an electric
current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound.
• Electricity flows
along a path of
conductors called a
circuit.
• Electricity can only
flow if it is a
complete circuit—a
continuous path for
the particles to move
through.
5.6B Demonstrate that the flow of electricity in circuits
requires a complete path through which an electric
current can pass and can produce light, heat, and sound.
• Electrical circuits can produce:




Heat
Light
Sound
Magnetic effects
5.6C Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line and
can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or other shiny
surfaces and refracted such as the appearance of an
object when observed through water.
• What happens when light strikes clear glass?
Or waxed paper? Or a book?
 Light is transmitted, or passed
through clear, transparent objects.
 Light is absorbed by opaque objects.
The light is blocked and a dark
shadow is cast.
 Some light—but not all—passes
through translucent objects.
5.6C Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line and
can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or other shiny
surfaces and refracted such as the appearance of an
object when observed through water.
• When light strikes a smooth, shiny surface, it
can be reflected
reflected, or bounced back.
Tinted Window
Smooth Water
5.6C Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line and
can be reflected such as the use of mirrors or other shiny
surfaces and refracted such as the appearance of an
object when observed through water.
• When light passes from
one medium to another, it
can be refracted
refracted, or bent.
3.6B Demonstrate and observe how position and motion can be
changed by pushing and pulling objects to show work being
done such as swings, balls, pulleys, and wagons.
What is motion????
Motion is a change
in the position of
an object.
3.6B Demonstrate and observe how position and motion can
be changed by pushing and pulling objects to show work
being done such as swings, balls, pulleys, and wagons.
A moving object can change:
• Position
• Direction
3.6B Demonstrate and observe how position and motion can
be changed by pushing and pulling objects to show work
being done such as swings, balls, pulleys, and wagons.
Forces that affect the movement of
objects:
• Gravity
• Friction
• A push or a pull
5.6D Design an experiment that tests the effect
of force on an object.
• A force can be a push or a
pull.
• A force must be applied to
make an object move.
• Gravity is a force that pulls
objects down towards the
Earth.
• Forces can make objects
move in many ways.
5.6A, 5.6B, 5.6C, 5.6D; 3.6B
Answer
questions 1520 on the
review sheet.