Transcript Energy and Matter

Energy and Matter
Energy Flow
Cycle
Organisms and Energy
Almost all energy on Earth comes from the Sun.
Producers
change the energy available in their environment into food.
*Chemosynthesis: producers sometimes get their energy from sources other
than the light energy. A chemical process called chemosynthesis producers
use chemical energy to make their food. Ex: some deep sea bacteria.
Consumers
cannot make their own food and get energy by eating other organisms
Herbivore: animals that eat only producers.
Carnivore: eat only other consumers
.
Omnivore: animals that eat both
producers and other consumers.
Detritivore: eat dead plant and
animal material. Ex: decomposer
Energy Flow
Food Chain: energy is passed from the plant to the grasshopper, to the mouse, then the
snake, and finally to the hawk. When the hawk dies, the decomposers will break down the
remains and return the nutrients of the hawk to the soil and back into the plants.
Food Web: more
information than a food
chain and shows the way
energy travels through and
ecosystem.
Energy Pyramids
the amount of energy available at each step of a food chain and the amount
of usable energy decreases.
Matter Cycles
Like energy, matter is not created or
destroyed. Instead it is transferred through
the environment. Unlike energy, though,
matter does not flow by moves in a cycle.
It is used again and again throughout
different parts of an ecosystem. Matter
can change forms as it moves through an
environment.
Carbon Cycle
Homework
• Read pages 325-332
• Define vocabulary
• Print/draw in notebook the following:
– Food Chain
– Food Web
– Matter Cycles
• Water
• Carbon
• Oxygen