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Add 4 µl loading dye to each sample
Load 10 µl in wells 1-5
Load 10 µl marker DNA in lane 6
Run @ 80 volts for 5’, then @ 150 volts
Possible Projects
1.Studying potential of Rhodopseudomonas (a.k.a.
Rhodobacter) for biophotovoltaics
Rosenbaum M, Schro¨ der U, Scholz F: In situ
electrooxidation of photobiological hydrogen in a
photobiological fuel cell based on Rhodobacter
sphaeroides. Environ Sci Technol 2005, 39:6328-6333.
Possible Projects
2. Studying Cyanobacteria
for biophotovoltaics
• Finding new ones
• Tweaking knowns
• http://www.invitrogen.co
m/site/us/en/home/Produ
cts-andServices/Applications/Pr
otein-Expression-andAnalysis/ProteinExpression/algaeengineering-kits.html
Possible Projects
3. Studying algae for biophotovoltaics
•especially under CO2 deprivation
Possible Projects
4. Studying plants for biophotovoltaics
•Roots under hypoxia
•Aquatics under CO2 deprivation
Possible Projects
5. Engineering the production of other novel products
General principle: transfer e- from food to anode via direct
contact, nanowires or a mediator. H+ diffuse to cathode to
join e- forming H2O
We need to make or
acquire some electrodes!
•bacteria, cyanobacteria
or green algae can coat
a)Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4
-naphtoquinone as shuttle
We need to make or acquire some electrodes!
•bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat
a)Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle
b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode
•Chlamydomonas made more H2 when H2 was rapidly
removed.
We need to make or acquire some electrodes!
•bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat
a)Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle
b) H2- generating cyanobacteria, electrocatalytic anode
c) Phototrophic microbes and mixed heterotrophic
bacteria in sediments
We need to make or acquire some electrodes!
• bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat
a) Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle
b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode
c) Phototrophic microbes and mixed heterotrophic
bacteria in sediments
d) Plants and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments
http://www.plantpower.eu/
a) Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle
b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode
c) Phototrophic microbes and mixed heterotrophic
bacteria in sediments
d) Plants and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments
e) Ex situ photosynthesis coupled with mixed
heterotrophic bacteria at a dark anode
a) Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle
b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode
c) Phototrophic microbes and mixed heterotrophic
bacteria in sediments
d) Plants and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments
e) Ex situ photosynthesis coupled with mixed
heterotrophic bacteria at a dark anode
f) Direct electron transfer between photosynthetic bacteria
and electrodes
a) Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle
b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode
c) Phototrophs & mixed heterotrophs in sediments
d) Plants and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments
e) Ex situ photosynthesis & mixed heterotrophs
f) Direct e transfer between phototrophs and electrodes
g) Use photosynthesis to generate O2 at the cathode
We need to make or acquire some electrodes!
• bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat
We need to make or acquire some electrodes!
• That bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat
• That roots can coat
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
1. Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
1. Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium
• Must be tractable to bioengineering
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
1. Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium
• Must be tractable to bioengineering
• Must be able to be genetically transformed
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
1.Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium
• Must be tractable to bioengineering
• Must be able to be genetically transformed
• Bioengineering is changing an organism’s genotype by
adding DNA encoding specific functions!
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
1.Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium
• Must be tractable to bioengineering
• Must be able to be genetically transformed
• Bioengineering is changing an organism’s genotype by
adding DNA encoding specific functions!
• Sequences must function in the new host
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
1.Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium
• Must be tractable to bioengineering
• Must be able to be genetically transformed
• Bioengineering is changing an organism’s genotype by
adding DNA encoding specific functions!
• Sequences must function in the new host
• Must contain binding sites for the host regulatory
proteins
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
1.Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium
• Must be tractable to bioengineering
• Must be able to be genetically transformed
• Bioengineering is changing an organism’s genotype by
adding DNA encoding specific functions!
2. Sequences must function in the new host
•Must be replicated
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
2. Sequences must function in the new host
• Must be replicated
• Either insert into chromosome
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
2. Sequences must function in the new host
• Must be replicated
• Either insert into chromosome, or replicate
extrachromasomally (i.e. as a plasmid)
How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?
2. Sequences must function in the new host
• Must be replicated
• Either insert into chromosome, or replicate
extrachromasomally (i.e. as a plasmid)
• Must have origin of replication that functions in new
host (highly species-specific in bacteria)