Transcript Bacteria_Vs_Virus_2014 - Kenston Local Schools

Microbes
Virus Vs Bacteria
Bacteria
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Bacteria is plural for Bacterium.
A bacterium is a microscopic single
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Found anywhere:
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cell organism
– Air
– Soil
– Water
– Plants and Animals.
Function: Bacteria
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There are good & bad bacteria. They
have useful functions:
– making vitamins
– break down garbage
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The human mouth is home to more
than 500 species of Bacteria.
Bacterial Shapes & ID
Gram + or Gram -
Culturing Bacteria
Bacteria is cultured in a Petrie
Dish on Agar
Virus
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Viruses are the simplest of microbes.
They can be as much as 10,000
times smaller than Bacteria
Viruses are made up of DNA or RNA
Often with a protective coat called a
capsid.
Function Virus
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When viruses hijack the cell & release their
DNA into the cell.
The Virus overrides the host cell's normal
functions & starts making new virus
particles
It can take over immediately or lie
(dormant) asleep for years
The host cell does all the work, the viruses
just gives the orders
Viral Shapes
Culturing Viruses
Bacteria Vs Virus
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Bacteria:
– Strep Throat
– MRSA (Staph
infection)
– E. coli
– Cholera
– Tetanus
– Salmonella
– Impetigo
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Virus:
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Herpes
Flu
Cold
HPV
Mono (Epstein-Barr)
Rabies
H5N1
Hepatitis
Cholera Outbreak in Haiti
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November: 2010
4,722 cholera cases
303 deaths
– Cholera spreads like wildfire when people ingest
food or water contaminated with feces that
contains the bacteria
– Causes severe diarrhea and vomiting can lead to
dehydration and death within hours.
Ebola
… 2014
FYI - Vaccine Selection
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The viruses used in making flu vaccine are chosen each year on
information from the year before, about the strains of flu viruses that
are infecting humans and how they are changing.
Info is gathered by 122 centers in 94 countries and the viruses and
epidemiology data are analyzed by:
– World Health Organization (WHO)
– The Centers for Disease Control (CDC):
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Atlanta, Georgia
London, UK
Melbourne, Australia
Tokyo, Japan
Based on this information, experts forecast which viruses are likely to
circulate the following season and WHO recommends specific virus
strains that can be used to make vaccines to protect against them the recommendation is made by WHO in February each year.
2009-2010 / 2011-2012
Flu Vaccines
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The flu vaccine protects against the three
main flu strains that research indicates will
cause the most illness during the flu season.
They are:
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A/Brisbane/59/2007(H1N1)-like virus
A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2)-like virus
B/Brisbane 60/2008-like antigens
A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)-like virus
A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2)-like virus
B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus
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2012-2013 / 2013-2014
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A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus
A/Victoria/361/2011 (H3N2)-like virus
B/Wisconsin/1/2010-like virus (from the
B/Yamagata lineage of viruses = sub-type of Type
B flu – the most common type)
an A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus;
an A(H3N2) virus antigenically like the cellpropagated prototype virus A/Victoria/361/2011;
a B/Massachusetts/2/2012-like (B/Yamagata
lineage) virus.
Bacterial ID (Activity)
Streptococcus
BACILLUS
Spirillum
Recent Vaccines
CDC Weekly Map
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http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/usmap
.htm
Bozeman: Virus / Replication
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8
oHs7G_syI