Transcript Many Roads To Home

Many Roads To Home
LAN Roads
UTP
STP
Coaxial
Fiber Optics
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Relies on cancellation to
reduce EMI
Precise specifications for
the number of twists
per braid
Resistance = 100 ohms
Be sure to handle &
inspect our classroom
sample of UTP
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Advantages
Easy to install
Least expensive of all
media
Small diameter of
cable
Proper termination
procedures insures
reliable connection
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Disadvantages
More prone to EMI/RFI
than any other cable
Shortest allowable
length of any other
cable.
Know these specs!!
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
All the advantages and
disadvantages of UTP.
Foil shields provide
greater protection
against EMI & RFI.
Increased cost of cable
Be sure to handle &
inspect our classroom
sample of STP
Know these specs!!
Coaxial Cable
Advantages
Longer cable runs than
UTP & STP (up to 500m)
Cheaper than using fiber
for your backbone
Technology is well
known (Cable TV)
Better at reducing EMI
than UTP or STP
Coaxial Cable
Disadvantages
Thickness of cable
Copper shielding must
be grounded at both
ends of the connection
No longer used as a LAN
media
Coaxial Cable
Know these diagramed
parts & their purpose
Be sure to handle &
inspect our classroom
samples of coaxial
cable
Know these specs!!
Fiber Optics
Know these diagramed
parts & their purpose
Advantages
Longer runs than any
other cable (2km)
Higher data rates than
any other cable
(>100Mbps)
NO EMI!!
Fiber Optics
Disadvantages
Very expensive!!
Difficult to install
Therefore, fiber is used
only for backbone
installations.
Know these specs!!
The “Standards Guys”
ISO—International Standards
Organization
IEEE—Institute of Electrical and
Electronic Engineers
TIA—Telecommunications Industry
Association
EIA—Electronics Industry Association
UL—Underwriters Laboratories
TIA/EIA
TIA & EIA issue standards together for
technologies that involve both
telecommunications & electronics.
TIA & EIA have had the greatest impact
on networking media standards
TIA/EIA 568A is the cable standard we
will use when making our cables
TIA/EIA 568A Overview
Specifies cable performance &
termination procedures for horizontal
cabling
Six categories (CAT 1 to CAT 6)
CAT 5 UTP is most common
Horizontal v. Vertical Cabling
Horizontal Cabling includes all cabling
that runs from work areas to the wiring
closet.
Example: All Cat 5 UTP cabling in this classroom is
horizontal cabling
Vertical Cabling is another name for
backbone cabling.
Example:The fiber optic cabling That connects us
to the SSB
Horizontal Cabling (TIA/EIA 568A)
Work Station
(Patch Cable)
Cross-Connect Jumpers
(Patch Cable)
Horizontal
Cable Run
3m + 90m + 6m = 99m
...or approx. 100 meters for CAT 5 UTP
IEEE 802.3 (10Base-T Ethernet)
Has become the “chosen” LAN
technology
Includes specifications for both Layer 1
& Layer 2
Your skill in 802.3 implementation will
migrate to 100Base-TX & 1000Base-T
IEEE 802.3 Layer 1 Components
Passive Components (do not add energy)
Cabling
Connectors
Jacks
Patch Panels
Active Components (adds energy)
Repeaters, Transceivers, & Hubs
Let’s briefly look at each passive component
10Base-T Cabling
See Picture
in
Curriculum
Page 5.4.3
Cat 5 Cable is a Layer 1
component
It carries bits!
CAT 5 is the 10Base-T
standard cable
The twisting of wires
limits signal degradation
through cancellation.
10Base-T Connectors
See Picture
in
Curriculum
Page 5.4.2
Standard 10Base-T
Termination is the
Registered Jack-45
Similar to phone plug
except the RJ-45 has 8
pins instead of 4 pins
Reduces noise, reflection,
& mechanical stability
problems
10Base-T Jacks
See Picture
in
Curriculum
Page 5.4.4
RJ-45 Jacks have 8
conductors that
match the RJ-45
plug’s connectors.
10Base-T Patch Panels
See Pictures
in
Curriculum
Page 5.4.5
Patch panels are
used to conveniently
group a work area’s
connections
One side has a place
for each RJ-45 plug
The back side has
punch down blocks
that provide
connectivity
Collisions
Collision Review
Collisions occur in broadcast topologies
where devices are attached to a shared
media.
Shared media is like shared highways.
Layer 1 devices will not solve collision
problems.
Layer 1 devices simply extend collision
domains
Collision Domains
Collision Domains are the area where
collisions occur.
Layer 1 devices will not separate
(segment) collision domains.
How many collision domains with…
A repeater?
A hub?
A repeater and a hub?
Collision Domain Segmentation
Segmentation is the process of dividing
a collision domain into two or more
collision domains.
Layer 1 devices will not segment a
collision domain. Why?
The only way to segment a collision
domain is to use a device that can filter
network traffic.
What devices are capable of filtering?
Topology Overview
Linear Bus
All nodes directly
connected to one
physical link
Ring
Each node
connected only to
adjacent nodes.
Star
Advantage: all
nodes can easily
communicate
Disadvantage:
core node failure
Extended Star
Each end node of
the core acts as its
own star topology
Hierarchical Topology
Also called a tree
topology
No central node
Two types:
Binary Tree-each node
splits off into two
nodes
Backbone Tree
Which type is this graphic?
Complete Mesh
What’s unique about
this topology?
Labs
5.3.2, 5.3.4
5.3.5, 5.3.6
5.3.7