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In Text Citation
ALEJANDRA HERNANDEZ
In text
 If you are directly quoting from a book you would include:
 Author
 Year of publication
 Page number
i.e. “Breast cancer is the type of cancer most closely linked with women in the public
consciousness, but lung cancer has now surpassed it as the leading cause of cancer deaths
among women”
 i.e. Graham (2004) reports, “Breast cancer is the type of cancer most closely linked with
women in the public consciousness, but lung cancer has now surpassed it as the leading
cause of cancer deaths among women” (p.12).

Paraphrasing
 Translating in your own language, own words.
 i.e. Although the public may think breast cancer is more prevalent, actually lung
cancer is the number one cancer killer of women (Graham, 2004).
In text Citations
 “There are people, who the more you do for them, the less they will do
for themselves” (Austen, 2001, p. 96).
 Page range (Austen, 2001, p. 96-97).
 The Sentence period is after the closing parenthesis
 The authors name can be used anywhere within the sentence
Austen (2001) writes, “There are people, who the more you do for
them, the less they will do for themselves” (p.96).
Year of publication goes where ever the authors name goes.
Unknown Author
 If the work does not have an author, cite the source by its title in the
singal phrase or use the first word or two in the parentheses. Titles of
books and reports are italicized or underlined; titles of articles, chapters
and web pages are in quotation marks.
 i.e. “A similar study was done of students learning to format research
papers “(“Using APA,” 2001)
No Author/Website
 Survival (2007, May). Outdoor Life, 215(5). 58-60. Retrieved from
http://outdoorlife.com.
 “ A study revealed that bears most often go for the neck and head. To
best avoid injury place your hands behind your neck and curl up into a
ball. Wearing a back pack increases your chances of survival, too.
Crying for your mommy, however, does not” (Survival, 2007, p. 58).

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Instead of author, use a shortened version of the title within the parentheses.
Or titles and quotes
For longer works like books or movies, put the title in italics
Two authors
 Neuroscientists now realized that , in spite of the fact that an
adolescent’s brain is similar in size to an adult brain, it does not
function like and adult brain” (Caskey & Ruben, 2003, p.37).


Use both names for every citation
If you add the name of the authors at the beginning of the sentence you
have to spell out and
3-5 Authors
 Use all authors for the first citation
 If they are cited again, we can use the first author followed by the words
“et al.”
 “et al” is Latin for “and others”
No Date
 If a publication does not have a date, use the abbreviation N-period D-
period for no date
 i.e. “Red pandas are generally, solitary and secretive creatures, most
active at nigh. At other times, however, they usually rest up in tress”,
(Red Panda, “n.d.,para 1)
 If page is not available put the location of quote
Citing a Cited Source
 Name the original source . List the secondary source in your reference
list and include the secondary source in the parentheses.

Johnson (as cited in Smith, 2003) argued that…
Large quotes
 40 or more words
 You would begin with an intro or transition sentence
 Followed by a colon :
 Then tab once and begin quote, no parenthesis are needed
 Cite after quote
Example
Journal Article
Videos
Titles of books