Transcript Body Structure - Objectives including colors

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Body Structure, Color, and Oncology
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Identify anatomic structures of the human body
Define and spell the
word parts
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Build and analyze medical terms using word parts
Define, pronounce, and spell medical terms related
to body structure, color, and oncology
Interpret the meanings of the abbreviations
Read medical documents and interpret medical
terminology contained in them
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cell: basic unit
of all life
tissue: similar
cells that
perform a
specific task
organ: two or
more kinds of
tissue that
together
perform
special body
functions
system: a group
of organs that
work together
to perform
complex body
functions
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The human body is
composed of trillions
of cells of various sizes
and shapes
• cell membrane: boundary
of a cell
• cytoplasm: makes up the
body of a cell
• nucleus: structure in
center containing
chromosomes
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muscle tissue: produces
movement
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nervous tissue: conducts
impulses to and from
the brain
connective tissue: connects, supports, penetrates, and
encases various body structures
epithelial tissue: found in the skin and lining of the blood
vessels
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Neur/o
Fibr/o
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Epitheli/o
My/o
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chromosomes: 46 in
human cells except for
mature sex cell, which
has 23
genes: regions within
the chromosome
(determine hereditary
characteristics)
DNA (deoxyribonucleic
acid): each gene is
composed of DNA, a
chemical that regulates
the activities of the cell
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cranial: brain
 spinal: spinal cord
 thoracic: heart, lungs,
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esophagus, trachea, bronchi
 abdominal: stomach,
intestines, kidneys, liver,
gallbladder, pancreas,
spleen, ureters
 pelvic: urinary bladder,
certain reproductive organs,
part of large intestine,
rectum
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cranial
thoracic
spinal
diaphragm
abdominal
pelvic
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aden/o
cyt/o
epitheli/o
fibr/o
hist/o
kary/o
lip/o
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my/o
neur/o
organ/o
sarc/o
system/o
viscer/o
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cancer/o, carcin/o
eti/o
gno/o
iatr/o
lei/o
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onc/o
path/o
rabd/o
somat/o
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chlor/o
chrom/o
cyan/o
erythr/o
leuk/o
melan/o
xanth/o
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diadyshyperhypometaneopro-
-al, -ic, -ous
-cyte
-gen
-genesis
-genic
-logist
-logy
-oid
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-oma
-osis
-pathy
-plasia
-plasm
-sarcoma
-sis
-stasis
 -gen:
substance that produces or causes
Example: carcino/gen: substance that causes
cancer-
genic: producing, originating,
causing Example: cyt/o/genic
producing cells
-genesis: origin, cause
Example: onc/o/genesis: cause
of tumors
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carcinoma
fibroma
liposarcoma
melanocarcinoma
myoma
melanoma
rhabdomyosarcoma
sarcoma
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“neoplasm” is built from what looks like a
prefix and a suffix: the word root is
embedded in the suffix. S(WR) is used in the
“Building Medical Terms” exercises to
indicate this.
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 The
following is a simple guide to use for
practicing pronunciation of the medical
terms.
• The pronunciations are only approximate; however,
they are adequate to meet the needs of the
beginning student
 In
respelling for pronunciation, words are
minimally distorted to indicate phonetic
sound
Example: doctor (dok-tor), gastric (gas-trik)
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
Diacritical marks are used over vowels to
indicate pronunciation. The macron (―) is
used to indicate the long vowel sounds.
Example: donate (dō-nāte)
hepatoma (hep-a-tō-ma)
ā as in ate, say
ē as in eat, beet, see
ī as in i, mine, sky
ō as in oats, so
ū as in unit, mute
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 Vowels
with no markings have the short
sound.
Example: discuss (dis-kus)
medical (med-i-kal)
a as in at, lad
e as in edge, bet
i as in itch, wish
o as in ox, top
u as in sun, come
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 An
accent mark is the stress on a certain
syllable. The primary accent is indicated
by capital letters, and the secondary accent
(which is stressed, but not as strongly as the
primary accent) is indicated by italics.
Example: altogether (all-tū-GETH-er)
pancreatitis (pan-krē-a-TĪ-tis)
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benign
malignant
remission
in vitro
in vivo
encapsulated
cancer in situ
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cancerous
carcinogen
carcinogenic
cyanosis
cytogenic
cytoplasm
erythrocyte
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erythrocytosis
etiology
histology
hyperplasia
hypoplasia
karyocyte
leukocyte
leukocytosis
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1, (red) / cv / (cell[s])
2, (white) / cv / (cell[s])
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myopathy
neopathy
neuroid
oncogenic
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oncologist
pathology
somatic
xanthosis
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Ca
 chemo
 Dx
 mets
 Px
 RBC
 RXT
 WBC
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Project:
You will look up one type of specific cancer and
do an informational Powerpoint Slide.
What you must have in the presentation is the
cancer type (duh), prevalence of the cancer,
what it’s symptoms are, the treatment of the
cancer, outlook for the patient with the cancer.
Also correct pronciation and breaking down of
the word (name)
Submit to me via Email:
[email protected]
Due on Sunday before 11:59pm.
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