Transcript The Cell Cycle and Cancer

Statistics based on 100,000 people (American Cancer Society)
Most common
Most Common Cancers
cancers among MEN
among WOMEN
1. Prostate (128.3)
1. Breast (122.0)
(15.6% death rate)
2. Lung (73)
(79.3% death rate)
(17.6% death rate)
2. Lung (52)
(71% death rate)
3. Colorectal (46.1)
3. Colorectal (34.9)
(39.3% death rate)
(36.7% death rate)
Children (0-19 years): 1. Leukemia
2. Brain and CNS
Risk Factors
• LUNG – Smoking, second hand smoke, radon,
family history, diet
• COLORECTAL – Age (over 50), Family history,
Inflammatory bowl disease (ex, Crones),
diet/lifestyle
• PROSTATE – Age, genetics, race
• BREAST – genetics/family history, hormone
replacement therapies, alcohol, dense breasts
(makes it hard to detect early)
• LEUKEMIA (genetics, other genetic disorders,
sibling with it & BRAIN/CNS (Immune problems,
environmental factors)
The Cell Cycle and Cancer
The Stages of the Cell Cycle
1. Click on picture for cell cycle animation –
will go to www.cancerquest.org)
2. Use alt-tab keys to go between website
and power point presentation.
3. Click on blank space to proceed to next slide.)
There are several factors that regulate the
cell cycle and assure a cell divides correctly.
1.Before a cell divides,
the DNA is checked
to make sure it has
replicated correctly. (If
DNA does not copy
itself correctly, a gene
mutation occurs.
DNA replication animation:click
on DNA picture
2. Chemical Signals tell a cell when to start
and stop dividing.
(Target cells animation: click on go
sign)
Neighboring cells communicate with dividing
cells to regulate their growth also.
(Normal contact inhibition animation: click on petri dish)
Cancer is a disease of the cell cycle. Some
of the body’s cells divide uncontrollably and
tumors form.
Tumor in Colon
Tumors in Liver
DNA mutations disrupt the cell cycle.
Mutations may be
caused by:
1. radiation
2. smoking
3. Pollutants
4. chemicals
5. viruses
While normal cells will stop dividing if there is a mutation in
the DNA, cancer cells will continue to divide with mutation.
Due to DNA mutations, cancer cells ignore
the chemical signals that start and stop the
cell cycle.
2 animations of cancer cells dividing: click on picture
Due to DNA mutations, cancer cells cannot
communicate with neighboring cells. Cells
continue to grow and form tumors.
Skin cancer
(cancer cells dividing: click on
picture.)
SUMMARY
Normal Cell Division
1. DNA is replicated
properly.
2. Chemical signals start
and stop the cell cycle.
3. Cells communicate with
each other so they
don’t become
overcrowded.
Cancer Cells
1. Mutations occur in the
DNA when it is
replicated.
2. Chemical signals that
start and stop the cell
cycle are ignored.
3. Cells do not communicate
with each other and
tumors form.
Treating Cancers
Cancer treatments include drugs that can stop
cancer cells from dividing.
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