Transcript Module 1 PowerPoint Slides - The Cancer 101 Curriculum

Cancer 101: A Cancer Education
and Training Program for
American Indians & Alaska Natives
Version 2 – Updated October 2011
Date
Location
Presented by:
Presenter 1
Presenter 2
Cancer Among
American Indians
& Alaska Natives
Cancer 101 – Version 2
Learning Module 1
Learning Objectives
At the completion of Module 1, you
will be able to:
 Give two reasons why cancer is a
growing health concern in AI/AN
communities.

Discuss two facts about how data
contributes to understanding about
the cancer health concern for
AI/AN.
Learning Objectives (cont’d)


Discuss two facts that contribute to
poor survival for AI/AN diagnosed
with cancer.
Describe two factors that are likely
to improve cancer survival rates for
AI/AN.
Actual Causes of Death
General Population
United States, 2000
Tobacco
Poor Diet/Physical Inactivity
Alcohol consumption
Microbial Agents (e.g., influenza, pneumonia)
Toxic Agents (e.g., pollutants, asbestos)
Motor-vehicles
Firearms
Sexual behavior
Illicit drug use
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
Percentage of Deaths
Source: 1. Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL. Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. JAMA.
2004;291(10):1238-1246. 2. Miniño AM, Arias E, Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Smith BL. Deaths: final data for 2000. National
Vital Statistics Reports 2002; 50(15):1–120.
Cancer Background
Cancer is a growing health concern
among AI/AN due to:

Increased life expectancy

Lifestyle changes
Data Tell Us
Source: American Cancer Society Facts & Figures 2009
600
500
400
Males
Females
300
200
100
0
H/
L
Cancer rates,
previously
reported as being
lower in AI/AN,
are on the rise
700
hi
te
Af
-A
m
AA
PI
AI
/A
N

The incidence of
cancer among AI
is lower than all
other ethnic
groups, including
whites, in the U.S.
W

Data Tell Us


Cancer is the second leading cause of
death for American Indians.
Cancer is the leading cause of death for
Alaska Natives.
Data Patterns


Patterns for certain types of cancer vary
among AI/AN when compared to whites
and other ethnic groups in the U.S.
For example, AI/AN have significantly
higher rates of stomach, gallbladder,
kidney and liver cancers than the U.S.
rate
Regional Differences
80
70
60
All US 55.1
50
All IHS 40.0
40
30
20
10
ns
ka
Pl
ai
N
t
oa
s
C
c
Pa
Al
as
st
0
Ea
Cancer data for
AI/AN from one
region of the
country cannot be
used to generalize
Native people
living in another
part of the
country.
SW

AI/AN Lung Cancer Mortality Rates
90
Source: Cancer Mortality among AI & AN: Regional Differences, 1999-2003
Limitations of the Data





Racial misclassification
Undercounting
Coding errors
Not enough numbers to form a
conclusion
Cannot be generalized to Peoples of
other areas
Cancer Survival among AI/AN



AI/AN have the lowest five-year relative survival
rate of all U.S. populations. Potential contributing
factors:
Culture and values

Poor compliance with recommended treatment

Late detection of cancer
Lower socioeconomic status

Lack of timely access to state-of-the-art diagnostic
treatment methods

Genetic risk factors

Presence of other disease conditions

Obesity

Diabetes
Barriers to Care

Lack of materials and programs that are


culturally relevant
Lack of AI/AN health providers
Lack of education and training opportunities

English as a second language

Poverty

Transportation

Cultural beliefs surrounding cancer
Improving Cancer Survival
Survival can be improved by:
 Increasing participation in screening
and early detection services
 Reducing barriers to care
 Reducing risk factors for cancer
 Promoting healthy lifestyles
In Summary…
You now have an understanding of:
 How data affects our understanding
of cancer as a health concern for
AI/AN.
 Factors that contribute to laterstage cancer diagnosis among
AI/AN.
 Ways to improve cancer survival for
AI/AN.