Transcript Cancer

CANCER – Cell Division Gone
Wrong
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cells that grow and divide out of
control
results in a change in DNA that
controls the cell cycle.
prevents the cell from staying in
interphase for the normal period of
time.
the cell and its daughter cells will
divide uncontrollably.
..\Cancerous Cell Division.mht
YouTube - How cancer develops
Tumours
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Uncontrolled growth may create a rapidly growing
mass of cells that form a lump, or tumour.
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Tumours may be benign or malignant. Cells in a
malignant tumour are considered cancerous.
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Cancer cells may break away from the original
tumour and move to a different part of the body.
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If they settle and grow in this new location, a new
tumour will form.
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This is called metastasis.
Mutations
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random changes that can occur in the cell’s DNA.
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can result in the death of the cell or allow it to survive and continue to
grow and divide.
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If the cell cycle is abnormal, the cells may be cancerous.
CARCINOGENS
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environmental factors that cause cancer.
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Ex: tobacco smoke, radiation, some viruses, certain chemicals,
organic solvents…
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Some cancers are at least partly hereditary. These include some
breast cancers and colon cancers.
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The Story of Cosmetics
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http://www.cbc.ca/marketplace/2011/lousylabels/
Cancer Risk Factors
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Factors affecting a person’s
risk of getting cancer include:
– personal and family medical
history
– exposure to carcinogens in
the environment
– lifestyle choices, such as
eating more “super foods”
– exercise
Super foods such as these help your
body protect itself from cancers
Cancer Screening
• checking for cancer even when no symptoms are
present.
– by a doctor, such as a Pap test or blood test
– genetic testing, when there is a family
history of cancer
– at home, breast & testicle self examination
• screening does not prevent cancer, but increases
the likelihood of early detection and successful
treatment.
DIAGNOSIS
• earlier the diagnosis the better chance of treatment
Vocabulary
• diagnostic imaging techniques include endoscopy,
Pap test
X-ray, ultrasound, CT scanning, and MRI.
• a sample of the cells is removed and examined
under a microscope. This is called a biopsy.
Treatment
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to slow down the growth of tumours or
destroy as many cancer cells as
possible.
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Currently, there are three methods of
conventional treatment:
– surgery
– chemotherapy
– radiation therapy
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One new technique to fight cancer is
biophotonics, which uses beams of light
to detect and treat the cancer cells.