Transcript Tobacco

TOBACCO
April 26, 2003
Presented By:
Lisa M. Ryder
Karen Lara
ANNUAL TOBACCO DEATHS
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Annual tobacco-related deaths exceed the
number of deaths from alcohol, cocaine,
heroine, homicide, suicide, car accidents, fire
and AIDS combined.
Cigarette smoking is responsible for
approximately 430,000 American deaths each
year.
 This
figure includes the 140,000 American women
that die each year from cigarette smoking.
SMOKING AND EDUCATION

Smoking rates among
women with less than
a high school
education are three
times more likely
than those among
college graduates.
SMOKING AND RACE
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Among adults in the United
States, American
Indian/Alaskan Natives have
the highest prevalence of
tobacco use.
Asian Americans and Hispanic
women have the lowest
prevalence of tobacco use.
Compared to their male
counterparts, women have a
lower prevalence for tobacco
use. Though this is not true
for American
Indians/Alaskan Natives.
RATIONALIZATIONS OF
WOMEN SMOKERS
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It can’t be as bad as
they say.
The government
wouldn’t let them sell
cigarettes if they were
that harmful.
I DON’T want to gain
weight.
I am too busy to eat,
and smoking helps me to
control my hunger.
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It is okay if I smoke
because I eat well and
exercise every day.
I only smoke low tar
cigarettes.
I smoke for pleasure.
Smoking is glamorous.
HEALTH CONCERNS FOR
WOMEN SMOKERS
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Cardiovascular
Disease
Cancer
Respiratory Disease
Smoking and Oral
Contraception
Smoking and
Pregnancy
Other
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease is the leading
cause of death in the United States.
 Each year approximately 82,000
individuals die from coronary heart
disease attributed to cigarette smoking.

 Roughly
women.
30%-40% of these deaths occur in
CANCER
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Smoking is associated with cancer of the lung,
larynx, pharynx, mouth, esophagus, kidney,
pancreas and bladder in women.
In 1987, lung cancer surpassed breast cancer
as the leading cause of cancer death among
American women.
 Smoking
accounts for more than 80% of all lung
cancer deaths in women.
RESPIRATOY DISEASE

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD): Characterized by permanent airflow
obstruction and extended periods of
disability and restricted activity.
 Chronic
Bronchitis: Inflammation of the bronchial
tubes which results in narrowing of the air
passages.
 Emphysema: Destruction of the alveoli which
results in labored breathing.

Females who smoke are 10.5 times more likely
to die from chronic bronchitis or emphysema
than non-smokers.
SMOKING AND
ORAL CONTRACEPTION
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Currently about 17% of women 15 to 44 years
of age who use contraception take oral
contraceptives.
Risks associated with smoking and oral
contraception
 Venous
thromboembolism (abnormal blood clots)
 Heart Attack
 Stroke
SMOKING AND PREGNANCY
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12.2% of women in the United States reported
smoking cigarettes during pregnancy.
In 2000 smoking rates in pregnant women were
highest among teenagers 18-19 years old, followed by
women age 20-24.
Smoking during pregnancy retards fetal growth.

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Is associated with miscarriage, stillbirth, SIDS and infant
mortality.
It is believed to be responsible for:
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17-30% of low birth-weight babies (5.5 lbs. Or less)
14% of preterm deliveries
10% of infant deaths
OTHER HEALTH CONCERNS
FOR WOMEN
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Osteoporosis
Early menopause
 Smokers
reach spontaneous menopause 1-2 years
earlier than non-smoking women.
Premature wrinkles
Premature gray hair
Allergies
Asthma
Circulatory problems
WHAT’S IN A CIGARETTE
ANYWAY?
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Tobacco smoke contains over 4,000 chemicals.
At least 40 of those chemicals are known
carcinogens.
Here are a few of the chemicals found in
cigarette smoke:
 Butane
(lighter fluid)
 Methanol (rocket fuel)
 Arsenic (poison)
 Cadmium (battery acid)
INVOLUNTARY SMOKING
SO QUIT