Transcript Cancer
Cancer AN INTRODUCTION 1 Cancer - An Introduction Contents • What is Cancer • How is Cancer Caused • Symptoms • Classification • Diagnosis and Staging • Treatment • Prevention Cancer - An Introduction 2 What is Cancer • Out of Control Cell growth • Benign vs. Malign Tumors • Characteristics of Malign Tumors • Damaged cells • Different from environment • Angiogenesis • Metastasis 3 Cancer - An Introduction How is Cancer Caused • Normal cells : growth, division and death (apoptosis) • Cancer cells • Damage to DNA • Carcinogens • Inheritance • Aging • Viruses Cancer - An Introduction 4 Types of Genes Continued… Oncogenes: When to divide Tumor Suppressor Genes: When not to divide Suicide Genes: Control apoptosis DNA Repair Genes: Handle repair tasks 5 Cancer - An Introduction Symptoms • Variation according to stage • Visible through body • On the skin • Inside the mouth • Pain when cells push • Brain tumors: cognitive functioning • Fever, fatigue, unexplained weight loss Cancer - An Introduction 6 Diagnosis and Staging • Diagnosis • Symptoms • Imaging Techniques • Molecular Diagnostic tests • Biopsy • Staging (TNM) • T: Primary tumor (1 – 4) • N: Nearby Lymph Nodes (0 – 3) • M: Metastasis (0 – 1) Cancer - An Introduction 7 8 Cancer - An Introduction Treatment • Surgery • Radiation • Chemotherapy • Immunotherapy • Hormone Therapy • Gene Therapy Cancer - An Introduction 9 Prevention • Behaviors • Diet • Certain Vaccines • Systematic Screening • Circulation (Journal issued from Chicago): • Being physically active, eating a healthy diet, controlling cholesterol, managing blood pressure, reducing blood sugar, and not smoking Cancer - An Introduction 10 Thank You 11 Cancer - An Introduction